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Friday, February 22, 2013

ScienceDaily: Top Science News

ScienceDaily: Top Science News


Influenza study: Meet virus' new enemy

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 04:42 PM PST

Virologists have discovered a new class of molecular compounds capable of killing the influenza virus. Working on the premise that too much of a good thing can be a killer, the scientists have advanced previous researchers' methods of manipulating an enzyme that is key to how influenza replicates and spreads. The new compounds will lead to a new generation of anti-influenza drugs that the virus' strains can't adapt to, and resist, as easily as they do Tamiful.

Particle physics research sheds new light on possible 'fifth force of nature'

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 04:27 PM PST

In a breakthrough for the field of particle physics, researchers have established new limits on what scientists call "long-range spin-spin interactions" between atomic particles. These interactions have been proposed by theoretical physicists but have not yet been seen. Their observation would constitute the discovery of a "fifth force of nature" (in addition to the four known fundamental forces: gravity, weak, strong and electromagnetic) and would suggest the existence of new particles, beyond those presently described by the Standard Model of particle physics.

Scientists make older adults less forgetful in memory tests

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:39 AM PST

Scientists have found compelling evidence that older adults can eliminate forgetfulness and perform as well as younger adults on memory tests. The cognitive boost comes from a surprising source -- a distraction learning strategy.

Robotic bat wing engineered: Researchers uncover flight secrets of real bats

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:39 AM PST

Researchers have developed a robotic bat wing that is providing valuable new information about dynamics of flapping flight in real bats. From an engineering perspective, the researchers hope the data may make for better aircraft, especially micro air vehicles. From a biological and evolutionary perspective, building the robot offered the researchers a new perspective on how bat anatomy is adapted to deal with the forces generated by flapping wings.

Caves point to thawing of Siberia: Thaw in Siberia's permafrost may accelerate global warming

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:39 AM PST

Evidence from Siberian caves suggests that a global temperature rise of 1.5 degrees Celsius could see permanently frozen ground thaw over a large area of Siberia, threatening release of carbon from soils, and damage to natural and human environments.

Floral signs go electric: Bumblebees find and distinguish electric signals from flowers

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:39 AM PST

Flowers' methods of communicating are at least as sophisticated as any devised by an advertising agency, according to a new study. The research shows for the first time that pollinators such as bumblebees are able to find and distinguish electric signals given out by flowers. However, for any advertisement to be successful, it has to reach, and be perceived by, its target audience.

Protein 'passport' helps nanoparticles get past immune system

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:38 AM PST

The immune system exists to destroy foreign objects, whether they are bacteria, viruses, flecks of dirt or splinters. Unfortunately, drug-delivering nanoparticles and implanted devices like pacemakers are just as foreign and subject to the same response. Now, researchers have figured out a way to provide a "passport" for such therapeutic devices, enabling them to bypass the body's security system.

How human language could have evolved from birdsong: Researchers propose new theory on deep roots of human speech

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:16 AM PST

The sounds uttered by birds offer in several respects the nearest analogy to language," Charles Darwin wrote in "The Descent of Man" (1871), while contemplating how humans learned to speak. Language, he speculated, might have had its origins in singing, which "might have given rise to words expressive of various complex emotions." Linguistics and biology now researchers propose a new theory on the deep roots of human speech.

Journey to the limits of space-time: Black hole simulations on supercomputers present new view of jets and accretion disks

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:16 AM PST

Black holes shape the growth and death of the stars around them through their powerful gravitational pull and explosive ejections of energy. In a recent article, researchers predicted the formation of accretion disks and relativistic jets that warp and bend more than previously thought, shaped by the extreme gravity of the black hole and by powerful magnetic forces generated by its spin.

Coldness triggers northward flight in monarch butterflies: Migration cycle may be vulnerable to global climate change

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 11:12 AM PST

Each fall millions of monarch butterflies migrate south in order to escape frigid temperatures, traveling up to 2,000 miles to an overwintering site in a specific grove of fir trees in central Mexico. A new study suggests that exposure to coldness found in the microenvironment of the monarch's overwintering site triggers their return north every spring. Without this cold exposure, the monarch butterfly would continue flying south.

Mercury may have harbored an ancient magma ocean: Massive lava flows may have given rise to two distinct rock types

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 08:58 AM PST

By analyzing Mercury's rocky surface, scientists have been able to partially reconstruct the planet's history over billions of years.

Discovering the birth of an asteroid trail

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 08:52 AM PST

Unlike comets, asteroids are not characterised by exhibiting a trail, but there are now ten exceptions. Researchers have observed one of these rare asteroids from the Gran Telescopio Canarias (Spain) and have discovered that something happened around the 1st July 2011 causing its trail to appear: maybe internal rupture or collision with another asteroid.

Scientists unveil secrets of important natural antibiotic

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 07:43 AM PST

An international team of scientists has discovered how an important natural antibiotic called dermcidin, produced by our skin when we sweat, is a highly efficient tool to fight tuberculosis germs and other dangerous bugs.

In rich and poor nations, giving makes people feel better than getting, research finds

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 07:43 AM PST

Feeling good about spending money on someone else rather than for personal benefit may be a universal response among people in both impoverished countries and rich nations, according to new research.

Disruption of circadian clock linked to obesity, diabetes and heart attacks

Posted: 21 Feb 2013 06:18 AM PST

Disruption in the body's circadian rhythm can lead not only to obesity, but can also increase the risk of diabetes and heart disease. That is the conclusion of the first study to show definitively that insulin activity is controlled by the body's circadian biological clock. The study, helps explain why not only what you eat, but when you eat, matters.

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