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Saturday, April 26, 2014
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ScienceDaily: Most Popular News
ScienceDaily: Most Popular News |
- New shape discovered using rubber bands
- Superconducting qubit array points the way to quantum computers
- Hearing quality restored with bionic ear technology used for gene therapy: Re-growing auditory nerves
- Hundreds of genetic mutations found in healthy blood of a supercentenarian
- In lab tests, the antimicrobial ingredient triclosan spurs growth of breast cancer cells
- Legalizing medical marijuana doesn't increase use among adolescents, study says
- Researchers compare hip width and sexual behavior
- Impact of Facebook unfriending analyzed by researchers
- Boomers' dark secret: Booze; What their caregivers don’t know or don't ask could end up hurting aging patients
| New shape discovered using rubber bands Posted: 23 Apr 2014 07:12 PM PDT While setting out to fabricate new springs to support a cephalopod-inspired imaging project, a group of researchers stumbled upon a surprising discovery: the hemihelix, a shape rarely seen in nature. This made the researchers wonder: Were the three-dimensional structures they observed randomly occurring, or are there specific factors that control their formation? The scientists answered that question by performing experiments in which they stretched, joined, and then released rubber strips.  |
| Superconducting qubit array points the way to quantum computers Posted: 23 Apr 2014 12:10 PM PDT A fully functional quantum computer is one of the holy grails of physics. Physicists have moved one step closer to making a quantum computer a reality by demonstrating a new level of reliability in a five-qubit array. Quantum computing is anything but simple. It relies on aspects of quantum mechanics such as superposition. This notion holds that any physical object, such as an atom or electron -- what quantum computers use to store information -- can exist in all of its theoretical states simultaneously. This could take parallel computing to new heights.  |
| Posted: 23 Apr 2014 11:30 AM PDT Researchers have for the first time used electrical pulses delivered from a cochlear implant to deliver gene therapy, thereby successfully regrowing auditory nerves. The research also heralds a possible new way of treating a range of neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, and psychiatric conditions such as depression through this novel way of delivering gene therapy.  |
| Hundreds of genetic mutations found in healthy blood of a supercentenarian Posted: 23 Apr 2014 10:26 AM PDT Genetic mutations are commonly studied because of links to diseases such as cancer; however, little is known about mutations occurring in healthy individuals. Researchers have now detected over 400 mutations in healthy blood cells of a 115-year-old woman, suggesting that lesions at these sites are largely harmless over the course of a lifetime.  |
| In lab tests, the antimicrobial ingredient triclosan spurs growth of breast cancer cells Posted: 23 Apr 2014 07:27 AM PDT Some manufacturers are turning away from using triclosan as an antimicrobial ingredient in soaps, toothpastes and other products over health concerns. And now scientists are reporting new evidence that appears to support these worries. Their study found that triclosan, as well as another commercial substance called octylphenol, promoted the growth of human breast cancer cells in lab dishes and breast cancer tumors in mice.  |
| Legalizing medical marijuana doesn't increase use among adolescents, study says Posted: 23 Apr 2014 07:27 AM PDT Parents and physicians concerned about an increase in adolescents' marijuana use following the legalization of medical marijuana can breathe a sigh of relief. According to a new study that compared 20 years worth of data from states with and without medical marijuana laws, legalizing the drug did not lead to increased use among adolescents.  |
| Researchers compare hip width and sexual behavior Posted: 23 Apr 2014 07:17 AM PDT Hip width and risk of birth-related trauma may play a role in a woman's decision to have sex. Women who were more inclined to have one-night stands had wider hips, reveals a study into how a woman's build influences her sexual behavior. Results of the study show that the number of sexual partners a woman had is largely driven by one-night stand behavior. This, in turn, correlates with a woman's hip width and not waist-to-hip ratio. Overall, women in this study with hips wider than 14.2 inches had more sexual partners and more one-night stands than women with hips under 12.2 inches wide.  |
| Impact of Facebook unfriending analyzed by researchers Posted: 22 Apr 2014 10:09 AM PDT Two studies are shedding new light on the most common type of 'friend' to be unfriended on Facebook and their emotional responses to it. The studies show that the most likely person to be unfriended is a high school acquaintance. Both studies were based on a survey of 1,077 people conducted on Twitter.  |
| Posted: 18 Apr 2014 05:33 AM PDT By 2015, all baby boomers will be 50 or older. In an editorial, one expert writes that, unlike members of previous generations, many of these individuals have been using alcohol (and other drugs) for their entire adult lives. There are consequences. "Alcohol is a dirty drug, and it causes all kinds of long-term problems," the author says. Alcohol contributes to increased risk for more than 65 diseases and conditions, including pancreatic, breast, and ear, nose, and throat cancers, liver disease, injuries, and cognitive impairment.  |
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ScienceDaily: Top Science News
ScienceDaily: Top Science News |
- Star is discovered to be a close neighbor of the Sun and the coldest of its kind
- Reconstructed ancient ocean reveals secrets about the origin of life
- Traces of recent water on Mars: Liquid water on Mars as recently as 200,000 years ago
- Chernobyl's birds adapting to ionizing radiation
- Increasing consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds
- Controlling brain waves to improve vision
| Star is discovered to be a close neighbor of the Sun and the coldest of its kind Posted: 25 Apr 2014 01:23 PM PDT A 'brown dwarf' star that appears to be the coldest of its kind -- as frosty as Earth's North Pole -- has been discovered by astronomers. The object's distance at 7.2 light-years away, making it the fourth closest system to our Sun.  |
| Reconstructed ancient ocean reveals secrets about the origin of life Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:52 AM PDT Researchers have published details about how the first organisms on Earth could have become metabolically active. The results permit scientists to speculate how primitive cells learned to synthesize their organic components -- the molecules that form RNA, lipids and amino acids. The findings also suggest an order for the sequence of events that led to the origin of life.  |
| Traces of recent water on Mars: Liquid water on Mars as recently as 200,000 years ago Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:50 AM PDT New research has shown that there was liquid water on Mars as recently as 200,000 years ago. The southern hemisphere of Mars is home to a crater that contains very well-preserved gullies and debris flow deposits. The geomorphological attributes of these landforms provide evidence that they were formed by the action of liquid water in geologically recent time.  |
| Chernobyl's birds adapting to ionizing radiation Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:30 PM PDT Birds in the exclusion zone around Chernobyl are adapting to -- and may even be benefiting from -- long-term exposure to radiation, ecologists have found. The study is the first evidence that wild animals adapt to ionizing radiation, and the first to show that birds which produce most pheomelanin, a pigment in feathers, have greatest problems coping with radiation exposure.  |
| Increasing consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:05 PM PDT Increasing coffee consumption by on average one and half cups per day over a four-year period reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 11 percent, research shows. Coffee and tea consumption has been associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk but little is known about how changes in coffee and tea consumption influence subsequent type 2 diabetes risk, until now.  |
| Controlling brain waves to improve vision Posted: 24 Apr 2014 02:05 PM PDT A novel technique to test brain waves is being used to see how the brain processes external stimuli that do and don't reach our awareness. "When we have different things competing for our attention, we can only be aware of so much of what we see," said a researcher on the study. "For example, when you're driving, you might really be concentrating on obeying traffic signals." But say there's an unexpected event: an emergency vehicle, a pedestrian -- will you actually see the unexpected, or will you be so focused on your initial task that you don't notice?  |
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| Google Inc., 20 West Kinzie, Chicago IL USA 60610 | |
ScienceDaily: Top Health News
ScienceDaily: Top Health News |
- 'Beneficial inflammation' may promote healing in pulmonary fibrosis
- Genome regions once mislabeled 'junk' linked to heart failure
- Aging linked to cellular interactions that occur across generations
- Almost half of homeless men had traumatic brain injury in their lifetime
- Function found for mysterious heart disease gene
- Know your enemy: Deciphering oligomers' role in Parkinson's
- Not all wedded bliss: Marital stress linked to depression
- Civil war inside our cells: Scientists show how our bodies fight off 'jumping genes'
- Gene mutation, key symptoms of autism appear to be linked
- Couples need just one conversation to decide not to have children
- Two breath compounds could be associated with larynx cancer
- Seeking causes of hyperactivity
- Interactive training halves malaria overdiagnosis, prevents wastage of drugs
- Increasing consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds
- Higher muscle mass linked with better physical function, quality of life in dialysis patients
- Many patients who could benefit from home dialysis are receiving care in dialysis centers
- 'Horsing around' reduces stress hormones in youth
- Controlling brain waves to improve vision
- What makes psychotic teens more at risk for suicide than other groups with psychosis?
- New guidelines aim to improve care for babies with heart problems in the womb
- Targeting B cells may help with multiple sclerosis, study shows
- Risk of traffic accident injury depends on sex and age, Spanish study finds
- New approach for surgery patients cuts hospital stays, costs
- Physical signs of depression common among ICU survivors
- Marijuana use may increase heart complications in young, middle-aged adults
| 'Beneficial inflammation' may promote healing in pulmonary fibrosis Posted: 25 Apr 2014 10:40 AM PDT Inflammation has long been considered an integral part of the biological process that leads to deadly scarring in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. New research, however, suggests that a little inflammation may also be crucial to the healing and repair processes in the lungs. "The role of inflammation in the development of scarring has been hotly debated in recent years," said one researcher. "Our findings show for the first time that TNF-alpha actually promotes inflammation during the resolution of established scarring. A little inflammation may actually be a good thing in the right place and time."  |
| Genome regions once mislabeled 'junk' linked to heart failure Posted: 25 Apr 2014 10:40 AM PDT Large sections of the genome that were once referred to as 'junk' DNA have been linked to human heart failure, according to research. So-called junk DNA was long thought to have no important role in heredity or disease because it doesn't code for proteins. But emerging research in recent years has revealed that many of these sections of the genome produce RNA molecules that, despite not being proteins, still have important functions in the body. RNA is a close chemical cousin to DNA.  |
| Aging linked to cellular interactions that occur across generations Posted: 25 Apr 2014 10:40 AM PDT By studying the reproductive cells of nematodes -- tiny worms found in soil and compost bins -- a researcher identified the Piwi/piRNA genome silencing pathway, the loss of which results in infertility after many generations. This study also found a signaling pathway -- a series of molecular interactions inside cells -- that could be tweaked to overcome infertility while also causing the worms to live longer adult lives.  |
| Almost half of homeless men had traumatic brain injury in their lifetime Posted: 25 Apr 2014 07:47 AM PDT Almost half of all homeless men who took part in a study had suffered at least one traumatic brain injury in their life and 87 percent of those injuries occurred before the men lost their homes. While assaults were a major cause of those traumatic brain injuries, or TBIs, (60 per cent) many were caused by potentially non-violent mechanisms such as sports and recreation (44 per cent) and motor vehicle collisions and falls (42 per cent).  |
| Function found for mysterious heart disease gene Posted: 25 Apr 2014 07:47 AM PDT A mysterious gene that likely influences cardiovascular health has become a little more understood, thanks to recent research. After five years, researchers now know how one genetic variant works and suspect that it contributes to the development of heart disease through processes that promote chronic inflammation and cell division.  |
| Know your enemy: Deciphering oligomers' role in Parkinson's Posted: 25 Apr 2014 07:47 AM PDT The most detailed 'image of the enemy' to date has been developed of one of the body's most important players in the development of Parkinson's disease. This provides much greater understanding of the battle taking place when the disease occurs -- knowledge that is necessary if we are to understand and treat the disease. Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurological disorders.  |
| Not all wedded bliss: Marital stress linked to depression Posted: 25 Apr 2014 07:46 AM PDT Marital stress may make people more vulnerable to depression, according to a recent study. The long-term study shows that people who experience chronic marital stress are less able to savor positive experiences, a hallmark of depression. They are also more likely to report other depressive symptoms. Married people are, in general, happier and healthier than single people, according to numerous studies. But marriage can also be one of the most significant sources of long-lasting social stress.  |
| Civil war inside our cells: Scientists show how our bodies fight off 'jumping genes' Posted: 25 Apr 2014 06:18 AM PDT There's a civil war going on inside every one of the 37 trillion cells in your body. Now, scientists have uncovered how your cells keep this war from causing too much collateral damage. On one side of the battle: your "regular" DNA, which provides the day-to-day instructions for life. On the other side: tiny bits of rogue DNA that hide like spies between genes in your own DNA. From time to time, these rogue bits of DNA spin off a copy of themselves and "jump" to another DNA location – often causing harmful mutations when they land.  |
| Gene mutation, key symptoms of autism appear to be linked Posted: 25 Apr 2014 06:18 AM PDT Abnormal brain growth is associated with autism spectrum disorder -- this scientists know. However, the relationship between the two has not been well understood. Now, research has shown that mutations in a specific gene that is disrupted in some individuals with autism results in too much growth throughout the brain, and yet surprisingly specific problems in social interactions, at least in mouse models that mimic this risk factor in humans.  |
| Couples need just one conversation to decide not to have children Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:52 AM PDT Many couples agree not to have children after only one discussion, and sometimes none at all. "Not having children is obviously a very important decision, and what was interesting from the research was the negligible amount of discussion that couples engaged in -- many are agreeing not to have children in one conversation, or in an unspoken way," a researcher on the study noted. "One possible reason that couples did not need to talk about the issue much is that they could accurately sense their partner did not want children from their beliefs and lifestyle."  |
| Two breath compounds could be associated with larynx cancer Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:50 AM PDT Volatile substances exhaled by eleven people with cancer of larynx have been compared with those of another twenty healthy people. The results show that the concentrations of certain molecules, mainly ethanol and 2-butanone, are higher in individuals with carcinoma, therefore they act as potential markers of the disease. Human breath contains thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and some of them can be used as non-invasive biomarkers for various types of head and neck cancers as well as cancer of the larynx.  |
| Seeking causes of hyperactivity Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:50 AM PDT The 60 trillion cells that comprise our bodies communicate constantly. Information travels when chemical compounds released by some cells are received by receptors in the membrane of another cell. Mice lacking an intracellular trafficking protein called LMTK3, are hyperactive, research shows. Hyperactivity is a behavioral disorder that shows symptoms including restlessness, lack of coordination, and aggressive behavior. Identifying the genetic factors that contribute to such behaviors may help to explain the pathological mechanisms underlying autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD, in humans.  |
| Interactive training halves malaria overdiagnosis, prevents wastage of drugs Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:31 PM PDT Interactive training programs for health workers could halve the overdiagnosis of malaria and prevent wastage of valuable drugs, new research concludes. The African study compared the use of RDTs when packaged with either a basic or a comprehensive training program for clinicians. Their results showed that those undertaking the comprehensive program were much less likely to overuse antimalarials.  |
| Increasing consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:05 PM PDT Increasing coffee consumption by on average one and half cups per day over a four-year period reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 11 percent, research shows. Coffee and tea consumption has been associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk but little is known about how changes in coffee and tea consumption influence subsequent type 2 diabetes risk, until now.  |
| Higher muscle mass linked with better physical function, quality of life in dialysis patients Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:04 PM PDT Dialysis patients with higher BMI, waist circumference, and abdominal fat measures had poorer scores on a 6-minute walking test, according to a new study. Patients with more muscle mass had better scores on the walking test as well as better scores on physical and mental health questionnaires. The findings may help explain the "obesity paradox" associated with dialysis patients, which relates to the prolonged survival sometimes seen in obese patients compared with normal-weight patients.  |
| Many patients who could benefit from home dialysis are receiving care in dialysis centers Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:03 PM PDT Kidney failure patients from the most advantaged areas in Australia were less likely to use home dialysis and more likely to use in-center hemodialysis than patients from the most disadvantaged areas. Patients from the most advantaged areas were more likely to use private hospitals than those from the most disadvantaged areas.  |
| 'Horsing around' reduces stress hormones in youth Posted: 24 Apr 2014 02:05 PM PDT New research reveals how youth who work with horses experience a substantial reduction in stress -- and the evidence lies in kids' saliva. "We were coming at this from a prevention perspective," said a developmental psychologist working on this study. "We are especially interested in optimizing healthy stress hormone production in young adolescents, because we know from other research that healthy stress hormone patterns may protect against the development of physical and mental health problems."  |
| Controlling brain waves to improve vision Posted: 24 Apr 2014 02:05 PM PDT A novel technique to test brain waves is being used to see how the brain processes external stimuli that do and don't reach our awareness. "When we have different things competing for our attention, we can only be aware of so much of what we see," said a researcher on the study. "For example, when you're driving, you might really be concentrating on obeying traffic signals." But say there's an unexpected event: an emergency vehicle, a pedestrian -- will you actually see the unexpected, or will you be so focused on your initial task that you don't notice?  |
| What makes psychotic teens more at risk for suicide than other groups with psychosis? Posted: 24 Apr 2014 01:15 PM PDT Suicide is a general risk for people with psychosis. According to research, 20 percent to 40 percent of those diagnosed with psychosis attempt suicide, and up to 10 percent succeed. And teens with psychotic symptoms are nearly 70 times more likely to attempt suicide than adolescents in the general population. Researchers recently reviewed studies of teenagers with psychosis to better understand why they are more at risk for suicide than other groups similarly diagnosed.  |
| New guidelines aim to improve care for babies with heart problems in the womb Posted: 24 Apr 2014 01:15 PM PDT Heart experts have developed the first scientific statement on detecting, managing and treating heart abnormalities in the womb. Medicines, fetal procedures, careful monitoring and strategies for delivery room care are improving the health of babies with heart abnormalities from before birth and beyond. Providers should help families overcome anxiety and depression, so they can transition from grief to acceptance and become active members of the team that cares for their baby.  |
| Targeting B cells may help with multiple sclerosis, study shows Posted: 24 Apr 2014 01:15 PM PDT A new study suggests that targeting B cells, which are a type of white blood cell in the immune system, may be associated with reduced disease activity for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The researchers found that when B cells were reduced to below a threshold of 64 cells per microliter, disease activity, as measured by appearance of new brain lesions, was significantly reduced.  |
| Risk of traffic accident injury depends on sex and age, Spanish study finds Posted: 24 Apr 2014 08:30 AM PDT Young men are more likely to injure themselves on the road or crossing a street than women, but among the elderly, females are more vulnerable. This is according to a study on injuries and citizen mobility. According to the researchers, the fact that the risk is greater in child pedestrians and young male drivers can be associated with their greater risk taking at the wheel and in the case of girls, when crossing the street, as well as the fact that they act recklessly more frequently, such as speeding and consuming psychoactive substances.  |
| New approach for surgery patients cuts hospital stays, costs Posted: 24 Apr 2014 08:27 AM PDT Changes in managing patients before, during and after colorectal surgery cut hospital stays by two days and reduced readmission rates, according to researchers. The practice, called enhanced recovery, is easier on patients before surgery, doing away with the fasting period and bowel evacuation that are typically prescribed. After surgery, patients are encouraged to eat and move about as soon as possible, leading to faster recoveries.  |
| Physical signs of depression common among ICU survivors Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:28 AM PDT Depression affects more than one out of three survivors of critical illness, according to a study released, and the majority of patients experience their symptoms physically rather than mentally. Weakness, appetite change and fatigue -- all signs of somatic, or physical, depression -- were present in two-thirds of the patients, as opposed to cognitive symptoms such as sadness, guilt or pessimism.  |
| Marijuana use may increase heart complications in young, middle-aged adults Posted: 23 Apr 2014 02:09 PM PDT Marijuana use may result in heart-related complications in young and middle-aged adults. Nearly 2 percent of the health complications from marijuana use reported were cardiovascular related. A quarter of these complications resulted in death, according to a study. Surveillance of marijuana-related reports of cardiovascular disorders should continue and more research needs to look at how marijuana use might trigger cardiovascular events, researchers say.  |
| You are subscribed to email updates from Top Health News -- ScienceDaily To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now. | Email delivery powered by Google |
| Google Inc., 20 West Kinzie, Chicago IL USA 60610 | |
ScienceDaily: Top Environment News
ScienceDaily: Top Environment News |
- Genome regions once mislabeled 'junk' linked to heart failure
- Aging linked to cellular interactions that occur across generations
- Function found for mysterious heart disease gene
- Nitrogen pollution, climate and land use: Why what we eat matters
- Climate change: Don't wait until you can feel it
- Civil war inside our cells: Scientists show how our bodies fight off 'jumping genes'
- Gene mutation, key symptoms of autism appear to be linked
- Reconstructed ancient ocean reveals secrets about the origin of life
- Small-scale, urban allotments yield food, healthy soil, study finds
- Seeking causes of hyperactivity
- Genetic legacy of rare dwarf trees is widespread
- Interactive training halves malaria overdiagnosis, prevents wastage of drugs
- New high-detail atlas offers tool to explore local environment, health
- Chernobyl's birds adapting to ionizing radiation
- High-voltage transmission lines to act as antenna in first-of-its-kind NASA space-weather project
- Increasing consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds
- Low-dose natural antimicrobial exacerbates chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis
- Researchers trace HIV adaptation to its human host
- 'Horsing around' reduces stress hormones in youth
- Ancient Maya and virtual worlds: Different perspectives on material meanings
- Untangling Brazil's controversial new forest code
- Three-banded panther worm debuts as new model in study of regeneration
- Marijuana use may increase heart complications in young, middle-aged adults
| Genome regions once mislabeled 'junk' linked to heart failure Posted: 25 Apr 2014 10:40 AM PDT Large sections of the genome that were once referred to as 'junk' DNA have been linked to human heart failure, according to research. So-called junk DNA was long thought to have no important role in heredity or disease because it doesn't code for proteins. But emerging research in recent years has revealed that many of these sections of the genome produce RNA molecules that, despite not being proteins, still have important functions in the body. RNA is a close chemical cousin to DNA.  |
| Aging linked to cellular interactions that occur across generations Posted: 25 Apr 2014 10:40 AM PDT By studying the reproductive cells of nematodes -- tiny worms found in soil and compost bins -- a researcher identified the Piwi/piRNA genome silencing pathway, the loss of which results in infertility after many generations. This study also found a signaling pathway -- a series of molecular interactions inside cells -- that could be tweaked to overcome infertility while also causing the worms to live longer adult lives.  |
| Function found for mysterious heart disease gene Posted: 25 Apr 2014 07:47 AM PDT A mysterious gene that likely influences cardiovascular health has become a little more understood, thanks to recent research. After five years, researchers now know how one genetic variant works and suspect that it contributes to the development of heart disease through processes that promote chronic inflammation and cell division.  |
| Nitrogen pollution, climate and land use: Why what we eat matters Posted: 25 Apr 2014 06:36 AM PDT A new report quantifies for the first time how much our food choices affect pollutant nitrogen emissions, climate change and land-use across Europe. The Special report provides an assessment of what would happen if Europe were to decrease its consumption of meat and dairy products.  |
| Climate change: Don't wait until you can feel it Posted: 25 Apr 2014 06:36 AM PDT Despite overwhelming scientific evidence for the impending dangers of human-made climate change, policy decisions leading to substantial emissions reduction have been slow. New research shows that even as extreme weather events influence those who experience them to support policy to address climate change, waiting for the majority of people to live through such conditions firsthand could delay meaningful action by decades.  |
| Civil war inside our cells: Scientists show how our bodies fight off 'jumping genes' Posted: 25 Apr 2014 06:18 AM PDT There's a civil war going on inside every one of the 37 trillion cells in your body. Now, scientists have uncovered how your cells keep this war from causing too much collateral damage. On one side of the battle: your "regular" DNA, which provides the day-to-day instructions for life. On the other side: tiny bits of rogue DNA that hide like spies between genes in your own DNA. From time to time, these rogue bits of DNA spin off a copy of themselves and "jump" to another DNA location – often causing harmful mutations when they land.  |
| Gene mutation, key symptoms of autism appear to be linked Posted: 25 Apr 2014 06:18 AM PDT Abnormal brain growth is associated with autism spectrum disorder -- this scientists know. However, the relationship between the two has not been well understood. Now, research has shown that mutations in a specific gene that is disrupted in some individuals with autism results in too much growth throughout the brain, and yet surprisingly specific problems in social interactions, at least in mouse models that mimic this risk factor in humans.  |
| Reconstructed ancient ocean reveals secrets about the origin of life Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:52 AM PDT Researchers have published details about how the first organisms on Earth could have become metabolically active. The results permit scientists to speculate how primitive cells learned to synthesize their organic components -- the molecules that form RNA, lipids and amino acids. The findings also suggest an order for the sequence of events that led to the origin of life.  |
| Small-scale, urban allotments yield food, healthy soil, study finds Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:50 AM PDT Soils under Britain's allotments are significantly healthier than intensively farmed soils, researchers have found. This is the first study to show that by growing at small-scale in urban areas, it is possible to produce food sustainably without damaging the soil. As a result of the findings, planners and policy makers should increase the number of allotments available, the authors say.  |
| Seeking causes of hyperactivity Posted: 25 Apr 2014 04:50 AM PDT The 60 trillion cells that comprise our bodies communicate constantly. Information travels when chemical compounds released by some cells are received by receptors in the membrane of another cell. Mice lacking an intracellular trafficking protein called LMTK3, are hyperactive, research shows. Hyperactivity is a behavioral disorder that shows symptoms including restlessness, lack of coordination, and aggressive behavior. Identifying the genetic factors that contribute to such behaviors may help to explain the pathological mechanisms underlying autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD, in humans.  |
| Genetic legacy of rare dwarf trees is widespread Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:31 PM PDT Genetic evidence that one of Britain's native tree species, the dwarf birch found in the Scottish Highlands, was once common in England has been found by researchers. The genes reflect a much wider distribution occupied by the "wee tree" when the British climate was colder. "As dwarf birch moved north, some of its genes were picked up by downy birch trees, which spread through Britain at the cost of dwarf birch. The two species cross-pollinated in many parts of Britain after the last glacial maximum as the climate warmed and ice age glaciers melted away," they noted.  |
| Interactive training halves malaria overdiagnosis, prevents wastage of drugs Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:31 PM PDT Interactive training programs for health workers could halve the overdiagnosis of malaria and prevent wastage of valuable drugs, new research concludes. The African study compared the use of RDTs when packaged with either a basic or a comprehensive training program for clinicians. Their results showed that those undertaking the comprehensive program were much less likely to overuse antimalarials.  |
| New high-detail atlas offers tool to explore local environment, health Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:30 PM PDT A detailed atlas with environment and health maps at a fine scale across England and Wales has been developed and launched by researchers. This is the first time in the UK that researchers have produced these maps at such high spatial resolution. By inputting a postcode to the online version of the atlas, users can zoom into a neighborhood (around 6,000 people) and toggle between the health and environment maps for that local area.  |
| Chernobyl's birds adapting to ionizing radiation Posted: 24 Apr 2014 07:30 PM PDT Birds in the exclusion zone around Chernobyl are adapting to -- and may even be benefiting from -- long-term exposure to radiation, ecologists have found. The study is the first evidence that wild animals adapt to ionizing radiation, and the first to show that birds which produce most pheomelanin, a pigment in feathers, have greatest problems coping with radiation exposure.  |
| High-voltage transmission lines to act as antenna in first-of-its-kind NASA space-weather project Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:44 PM PDT A NASA scientist is launching a one-to-two-year pilot project this summer that takes advantage of U.S. high-voltage power transmission lines to measure a phenomenon that has caused widespread power outages in the past.  |
| Increasing consumption of coffee associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, study finds Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:05 PM PDT Increasing coffee consumption by on average one and half cups per day over a four-year period reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes by 11 percent, research shows. Coffee and tea consumption has been associated with a lower type 2 diabetes risk but little is known about how changes in coffee and tea consumption influence subsequent type 2 diabetes risk, until now.  |
| Low-dose natural antimicrobial exacerbates chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:05 PM PDT Respiratory failure caused by chronic lung infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria is a common cause of death in patients with cystic fibrosis, a genetic disease that is common in individuals of European descent. A new study demonstrates that an antimicrobial peptide produced by human immune cells can promote mutations in the bacterium that make it more lethal.  |
| Researchers trace HIV adaptation to its human host Posted: 24 Apr 2014 04:05 PM PDT In a new study that traces the evolution of HIV in North America, researchers have found evidence that the virus is slowly adapting over time to its human hosts. However, this change is so gradual that it is unlikely to have an impact on vaccine design.  |
| 'Horsing around' reduces stress hormones in youth Posted: 24 Apr 2014 02:05 PM PDT New research reveals how youth who work with horses experience a substantial reduction in stress -- and the evidence lies in kids' saliva. "We were coming at this from a prevention perspective," said a developmental psychologist working on this study. "We are especially interested in optimizing healthy stress hormone production in young adolescents, because we know from other research that healthy stress hormone patterns may protect against the development of physical and mental health problems."  |
| Ancient Maya and virtual worlds: Different perspectives on material meanings Posted: 24 Apr 2014 12:18 PM PDT The Mayan perspective on the material world has been explored in science, and begins to uncover parallels with today's online culture. The Maya believed that part of your identity could inhabit material objects. Maya might even name these objects, talk to them or take them to special events. They considered these items to be alive. The practice of sharing your identity with material possessions might seem unusual in a modern context. But is it that different from today's selfie-snapping, candy-crushing online culture, where social media profiles can be as important to a person's identity as his or her real-world interactions?  |
| Untangling Brazil's controversial new forest code Posted: 24 Apr 2014 11:37 AM PDT Brazil's new Forest Code has few admirers. A newly published study seeks to clarify the new law. Agricultural interests argue that it threatens the livelihoods of farmers. Environmentalists counter that it imperils millions of hectares of forest, threatening to release the billions of tons of carbon they contain. The article is the first to quantify the implications of recent changes to the Forest Code and identify new opportunities and challenges for conservation.  |
| Three-banded panther worm debuts as new model in study of regeneration Posted: 24 Apr 2014 09:47 AM PDT The three-banded panther worm (Hofstenia miamia), a small organism with the ability to regenerate any missing body part, is being introduced to the scientific community. As a model, Hofstenia could help further our understanding of regeneration, how its mechanisms have evolved over millennia, and what limits regeneration in other animals, including humans.  |
| Marijuana use may increase heart complications in young, middle-aged adults Posted: 23 Apr 2014 02:09 PM PDT Marijuana use may result in heart-related complications in young and middle-aged adults. Nearly 2 percent of the health complications from marijuana use reported were cardiovascular related. A quarter of these complications resulted in death, according to a study. Surveillance of marijuana-related reports of cardiovascular disorders should continue and more research needs to look at how marijuana use might trigger cardiovascular events, researchers say.  |
| You are subscribed to email updates from Top Environment News -- ScienceDaily To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now. | Email delivery powered by Google |
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