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Sunday, May 25, 2014
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ScienceDaily: Most Popular News
ScienceDaily: Most Popular News |
- Failed dwarf galaxy survives galactic collision thanks to full dark-matter jacket
- NASA's WISE findings poke hole in black hole 'doughnut' theory
- New 'T-ray' tech converts light to sound for weapons detection, medical imaging
- Fruit flies show mark of intelligence in thinking before they act, study suggests
- Ancient DNA ends Australia's claim to kiwi origins
- Blocking pain receptors extends lifespan, boosts metabolism in mice
- First broadband wireless connection ... to the moon: Record-shattering Earth-to-Moon uplink
- Devastating human impact on the Amazon rainforest revealed
- Top ten new species for 2014
| Failed dwarf galaxy survives galactic collision thanks to full dark-matter jacket Posted: 23 May 2014 11:51 AM PDT Like a bullet wrapped in a full metal jacket, a high-velocity hydrogen cloud hurtling toward the Milky Way appears to be encased in a shell of dark matter, according to a new analysis. Astronomers believe that without this protective shell, the high-velocity cloud known as the Smith Cloud would have disintegrated long ago when it first collided with the disk of our Galaxy.  |
| NASA's WISE findings poke hole in black hole 'doughnut' theory Posted: 22 May 2014 01:23 PM PDT A survey of more than 170,000 supermassive black holes, using NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), has astronomers reexamining a decades-old theory about the varying appearances of these interstellar objects. The unified theory of active, supermassive black holes, first developed in the late 1970s, was created to explain why black holes, though similar in nature, can look completely different. Some appear to be shrouded in dust, while others are exposed and easy to see.  |
| New 'T-ray' tech converts light to sound for weapons detection, medical imaging Posted: 22 May 2014 12:05 PM PDT A device that essentially listens for light waves could help open up the last frontier of the electromagnetic spectrum -- the terahertz range. So-called T-rays, which are light waves too long for human eyes to see, could help airport security guards find chemical and other weapons. They might let doctors image body tissues with less damage to healthy areas. And they could give astronomers new tools to study planets in other solar systems. Those are just a few possible applications.  |
| Fruit flies show mark of intelligence in thinking before they act, study suggests Posted: 22 May 2014 11:14 AM PDT Fruit flies 'think' before they act, a study suggests. Neuroscientists showed that fruit flies take longer to make more difficult decisions. In experiments asking fruit flies to distinguish between ever closer concentrations of an odor, the researchers found that the flies don't act instinctively or impulsively. Instead they appear to accumulate information before committing to a choice.  |
| Ancient DNA ends Australia's claim to kiwi origins Posted: 22 May 2014 11:13 AM PDT Australia can no longer lay claim to the origins of the iconic New Zealand kiwi following new research showing the kiwi's closest relative is not the emu as was previously thought. Instead, the diminutive kiwi is most closely related to the extinct Madagascan elephant bird -- a 2-3 meter tall, 275 kg giant. And surprisingly, the study concluded, both of these flightless birds once flew.  |
| Blocking pain receptors extends lifespan, boosts metabolism in mice Posted: 22 May 2014 09:35 AM PDT Chronic pain is known to shorten lifespan, and pain tends to increase with age. But is there a relationship between pain and longevity? Researchers have found that mice lacking the capsaicin pain receptor live around 14 percent longer than other mice, and they retain a more youthful metabolism as well. Receptor blockers could not only relieve pain, but increase lifespan, improve metabolic health and help diabetics and the obese.  |
| First broadband wireless connection ... to the moon: Record-shattering Earth-to-Moon uplink Posted: 22 May 2014 07:49 AM PDT Scientists have prepared new details and the first comprehensive overview of the on-orbit performance of their record-shattering laser-based communication uplink between the moon and Earth, which beat the previous record transmission speed last fall by a factor of 4,800.  |
| Devastating human impact on the Amazon rainforest revealed Posted: 22 May 2014 07:48 AM PDT The human impact on the Amazon rainforest has been grossly underestimated according to an international team of researchers. They found that selective logging and surface wildfires can result in an annual loss of 54 billion tons of carbon from the Brazilian Amazon, increasing greenhouse gas emissions. This is equivalent to 40% of the yearly carbon loss from deforestation -- when entire forests are chopped down.  |
| Posted: 22 May 2014 04:33 AM PDT An international committee selected the top 10 from among the approximately 18,000 new species named during the previous year. The list includes a quartet of tiny newcomers to science: a miniscule skeleton shrimp from Santa Catalina Island in California, a single-celled protist that does a credible imitation of a sponge, a clean room microbe that could be a hazard during space travel and a teensy fringed fairyfly named Tinkerbell.  |
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ScienceDaily: Living Well News
ScienceDaily: Living Well News |
- Low-carb vegan diet may reduce heart disease risk, weight
- Have Diabetes, Will Travel: Plan of attack to help diabetics enjoy travel safely
- Different types of vinegar may benefit health, studies show
- Chemistry behind BBQ
- Failure of the couples gym membership: A self-control paradox?
- Shopping online: Why do too many photos confuse consumers?
- Partners in crime: When do friends conspire to eat more chocolate?
- Admitting our faults: When does self-acceptance trump self-destruction?
- Brand tourism effect: When do lower status consumers boost luxury brands?
- What makes things cool? When breaking rules can boost your cool factor
- Buying a bmw: How do social expectations influence your purchases?
- Too cute to resist: Do whimsical products make consumers overspend?
- High cholesterol levels linked to lower fertility
- Parents of overweight kids more likely to give schools failing grades for fighting obesity
- Breastfeeding initiation, success impacted by diabetes status of mother
| Low-carb vegan diet may reduce heart disease risk, weight Posted: 22 May 2014 07:51 AM PDT In addition to weight loss, a vegan low-carbohydrate diet may also reduce the risk of heart disease by 10 percent over 10 years, researchers have demonstrated for the first time. The diet is a low-carbohydrate vegan diet. Many low-carbohydrate diets have been proven to improve weight loss but most emphasize eating animal proteins and fats, which may raise cholesterol. Diets that are high in vegetable proteins and oils may reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering "bad cholesterol."  |
| Have Diabetes, Will Travel: Plan of attack to help diabetics enjoy travel safely Posted: 22 May 2014 07:47 AM PDT If diabetes is your constant companion, that doesn't have to mean you can't enjoy traveling. A plan of attack for ensuring your next travel adventure is safe and successful has been compiled to help you safely enjoy yourself.  |
| Different types of vinegar may benefit health, studies show Posted: 21 May 2014 01:27 PM PDT The earliest known use of vinegar dates back more than 10,000 years ago and has been used as a food and medicine. A new review article reports on recent studies showing different types of vinegars that may benefit human health. functional therapeutic properties include beneficial effects on cardiovascular health and blood pressure, antibacterial activity, reduction in the effects of diabetes and increased vigor after exercise. In addition, a few studies showed that people who consumed certain types of vinegar daily may have a decreased appetite.  |
| Posted: 21 May 2014 01:27 PM PDT It's that time of the year again when people are moving their kitchens outside in order to soak up the warm weather and smoky aromas of grilling. Researchers provide insight into the food science behind BBQ, and address how a marinade works to keep your meat tender, how smoking can infuses new flavors into meat, searing and more.  |
| Failure of the couples gym membership: A self-control paradox? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:34 AM PDT Couples often go grocery shopping together, make joint financial decisions, and choose entertainment options to share. Products and programs like shared gym memberships and joint credit cards are designed with couples in mind. According to a new study, how a couple succeeds or fails in these types of joint endeavors depends on their individual levels of self-control.  |
| Shopping online: Why do too many photos confuse consumers? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:34 AM PDT When shopping online, we often have the option of clicking on additional product photos taken from different angles or showing additional features. According to a new study, looking at more photos when making product comparisons can ultimately inhibit us from noticing what differentiates them in the first place.  |
| Partners in crime: When do friends conspire to eat more chocolate? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:34 AM PDT As a human race we strive for perfection, knowing that no one is perfect. A new study offers insight into why we surround ourselves with people who help bring out our best but don't make us feel terrible when we stray from perfection. "In a situation requiring two people to use self-control, either both indulge, both abstain, or one indulges while the other abstains. Our research looks at how these different outcomes impact people who are friends," write the authors.  |
| Admitting our faults: When does self-acceptance trump self-destruction? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:33 AM PDT When face-to-face with our failures, it's hard not to deny the consequences of our shortcomings -— and sometimes we make problems worse by engaging in the behaviors we have been trying so hard to avoid. According to a new study, practicing self-acceptance may be the best way to boost our self-worth and avoid self-deprecating behaviors and consequences.  |
| Brand tourism effect: When do lower status consumers boost luxury brands? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:33 AM PDT When people purchase luxury items like expensive watches and high-end automobiles, they often consider themselves members of a select group of consumers. According to a new study, when outsiders show an interest in a luxury brand, they help improve its overall value. The authors use the terms 'brand immigrant' and 'brand tourist' to differentiate between consumers who either claim group membership (brand immigrants) or do not claim group membership (brand tourists). They explain that while brand immigrants pose a threat to the image and distinctiveness of selective brands, brand tourists can actually reinforce the brand's prestige.  |
| What makes things cool? When breaking rules can boost your cool factor Posted: 21 May 2014 10:33 AM PDT Coolness helps sell everything from fashion and music to electronics and cigarettes. According to a new study, people and brands become cool by understanding what is considered normal, obeying the rules considered necessary, and then diverging from the rules considered expendable.  |
| Buying a bmw: How do social expectations influence your purchases? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:33 AM PDT People who drive BMWs and wear expensive suits must surely occupy roles of power and authority. According to a new study, when we can separate societal expectations of power from how power makes us feel, we have better control over what it means to be powerful.  |
| Too cute to resist: Do whimsical products make consumers overspend? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:32 AM PDT Babies are cute. Kittens are cute. But for some people, products that emphasize baby features like chubby cheeks and large eyes cause them to be more careful and restrained. According to a new study, products that are cute in a playful and whimsical way can bring out more indulgent behavior.  |
| High cholesterol levels linked to lower fertility Posted: 20 May 2014 10:32 AM PDT High cholesterol levels may impair fertility in couples trying to achieve a pregnancy, according to a study. Couples in which each partner had a high cholesterol level took the longest time to reach pregnancy. Moreover, couples in which the woman had a high cholesterol level and the man did not also took longer to achieve pregnancy when compared to couples in which both partners had cholesterol levels in the acceptable range.  |
| Parents of overweight kids more likely to give schools failing grades for fighting obesity Posted: 20 May 2014 09:01 AM PDT Parents of overweight kids are more likely to give schools a D or F when it comes to nutrition and physical education, concludes a national poll. Parents of overweight children were twice as likely to fail the school on opportunities for children to be physically active and much more likely to give a failing grade for nutrition education than parents without overweight children.  |
| Breastfeeding initiation, success impacted by diabetes status of mother Posted: 19 May 2014 02:09 PM PDT Women diagnosed with diabetes before or during pregnancy are less likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding their newborns than women without diabetes, a new study suggests. Out of nearly 73,000 women included in the study, 8.8 percent had diabetes during pregnancy, called gestational diabetes, and 1.7 percent had diabetes prior to pregnancy. About 30 percent of women with pre-pregnancy diabetes cited illness or their use of medication as the top reasons they didn't breastfeed, which researchers said suggests that the disease and its related medications directly impacted women's decisions.  |
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ScienceDaily: Strange Science News
ScienceDaily: Strange Science News |
- Babbling brooks adding to climate change?
- Personal judgments swayed by group opinion, but only for three days
- Tiny muscles help bats fine-tune flight, stiffen wing skin
- Aggressive behavior observed after alcohol-related priming
- Rhythmic bursts of electrical activity from cells in ear teach brain how to hear
- Too cute to resist: Do whimsical products make consumers overspend?
- Cancer avatars for personalized medicine help researchers find genomic signatures of cancers
| Babbling brooks adding to climate change? Posted: 23 May 2014 04:23 PM PDT Studying stream bubbles isn't exactly a walk in the park. What, with the mud and ticks, the long days hiking and swimming through mucky streams, the sun exposure and scratching brush. But in the end, it may prove to be insightful. The bubbles coming from freshwater sources, new research suggests, may be a key and currently unaccounted for source of methane, the second-largest greenhouse gas contributor to human-driven global climate change.  |
| Personal judgments swayed by group opinion, but only for three days Posted: 23 May 2014 11:54 AM PDT We all want to feel like we're free-thinking individuals, but there's nothing like the power of social pressure to sway an opinion. New research suggests that people do change their own personal judgments so that they fall in line with the group norm, but the change only seems to last about three days.  |
| Tiny muscles help bats fine-tune flight, stiffen wing skin Posted: 23 May 2014 11:53 AM PDT Bats appear to use a network of hair-thin muscles in their wing skin to control the stiffness and shape of their wings as they fly, according to a new study. The finding provides new insight about the aerodynamic fine-tuning of membrane wings, both natural and human-made.  |
| Aggressive behavior observed after alcohol-related priming Posted: 22 May 2014 07:49 AM PDT It has been well documented by previous research that the consumption of alcohol is directly linked to an increase in aggression and other behavioral extremes. But can simply seeing alcohol-related words have a similar effect on aggressive behavior? Researchers say yes. The study's result suggest that simply being exposed to alcohol-related words makes aggressive thoughts more accessible, thereby coloring interpretation of an ambiguous event and prompting an aggressive response.  |
| Rhythmic bursts of electrical activity from cells in ear teach brain how to hear Posted: 21 May 2014 10:35 AM PDT A precise rhythm of electrical impulses transmitted from cells in the inner ear coaches the brain how to hear, according to a new study. The ear generates spontaneous electrical activity to trigger a response in the brain before hearing actually begins, said the study's senior investigator.  |
| Too cute to resist: Do whimsical products make consumers overspend? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:32 AM PDT Babies are cute. Kittens are cute. But for some people, products that emphasize baby features like chubby cheeks and large eyes cause them to be more careful and restrained. According to a new study, products that are cute in a playful and whimsical way can bring out more indulgent behavior.  |
| Cancer avatars for personalized medicine help researchers find genomic signatures of cancers Posted: 21 May 2014 10:31 AM PDT Computer simulations of cancer cells – cancer avatars – have been used by researchers to identify drugs most likely to kill cancer cells isolated from patients' brain tumors. The findings may help researchers stratify cancer patients for clinical trials according to their cancers' genomic signatures and predicted sensitivities to different cancer drugs.  |
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ScienceDaily: Top Technology News
ScienceDaily: Top Technology News |
- Tiny muscles help bats fine-tune flight, stiffen wing skin
- Straw from oilseed as a new source of biofuels
- Breakthrough method for making Janus or patchy capsules
- Measuring fine dust concentration via smartphone
- Electricity use slashed with efficiency controls for heating, cooling
- New phase in iron-based superconductors discovered
- Pulsed electrical fields destroy antibiotic-resistant bacteria infecting burn injuries
- Radiofreqeuncy ablation, complete endoscopic resection equally effective for dysplastic Barrett's esophagus
- Managing diabetes: How can online games help patients make healthier choices?
- Cancer avatars for personalized medicine help researchers find genomic signatures of cancers
- Massive cost savings in high-tech pathogen-identification method
| Tiny muscles help bats fine-tune flight, stiffen wing skin Posted: 23 May 2014 11:53 AM PDT Bats appear to use a network of hair-thin muscles in their wing skin to control the stiffness and shape of their wings as they fly, according to a new study. The finding provides new insight about the aerodynamic fine-tuning of membrane wings, both natural and human-made.  |
| Straw from oilseed as a new source of biofuels Posted: 23 May 2014 11:53 AM PDT Straw from crops such as wheat, barley, oats and oilseed rape is seen as a potential source of biomass for second generation biofuel production. Currently the UK produces around 12 million tonnes of straw. Although much is used for animal bedding, mushroom compost and energy generation, there still exists a vast surplus. Preliminary lab findings are pointing at ways that the process of turning straw from oilseed rape into biofuel could be made more efficient, as well as how the straw itself could be improved.  |
| Breakthrough method for making Janus or patchy capsules Posted: 23 May 2014 11:53 AM PDT An easy method for making small hollow capsules with two or more patches with different chemical or physical properties has been found. These capsules, called Janus or patchy capsules, have potential applications in fields as varied as medicine and the food industry.  |
| Measuring fine dust concentration via smartphone Posted: 23 May 2014 11:52 AM PDT Big cities in the smog: Photos from Beijing and, more recently, Paris clearly illustrate the extent of fine dust pollution. But what about our direct environment? What is the pollution concentration near our favorite jogging route? Scientists are developing a sensor that can be connected easily to smartphones. In the future, users are to take part in drawing up a pollution map via participatory sensing. The precision of the map will be the higher, the more people will take part.  |
| Electricity use slashed with efficiency controls for heating, cooling Posted: 23 May 2014 11:51 AM PDT Commercial buildings could cut their heating and cooling electricity use by an average of 57 percent with advanced energy-efficiency controls, according to a year-long trial of the controls at malls, grocery stores and other buildings across the country.  |
| New phase in iron-based superconductors discovered Posted: 23 May 2014 06:43 AM PDT A previously unknown phase in a class of superconductors called iron arsenides has been discovered by scientists. This sheds light on a debate over the interactions between atoms and electrons that are responsible for their unusual superconductivity. "This new magnetic phase, which has never been observed before, could have significant implications for our understanding of unconventional superconductivity," said Ray Osborn, a physicist and coauthor on the paper.  |
| Pulsed electrical fields destroy antibiotic-resistant bacteria infecting burn injuries Posted: 21 May 2014 03:00 PM PDT Application of a technology currently used to disinfect food products may help to get around one of the most challenging problems in medicine today, the proliferation of bacteria resistant to antibiotics and other antimicrobial drugs. About 500,000 individuals are treated for burn injuries in the U.S. each year. Standard burn treatment involves removal of burned tissue, skin grafts, and the application of antiseptic and antimicrobial dressings to prevent and treat infection. The growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is behind the frequent failure of antibiotic treatment, necessitating novel approaches to eliminate infecting pathogens.  |
| Posted: 21 May 2014 03:00 PM PDT Radiofrequency ablation and complete endoscopic resection are equally effective in the short-term treatment of dysplastic Barrett's esophagus, according to a new systematic review article, but adverse event rates are higher with complete endoscopic resection. Barrett's esophagus is a condition in which the lining of the esophagus changes and becomes more like the lining of the small intestine. It is believed that Barrett's esophagus (BE) occurs because of chronic inflammation resulting from long-standing Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.  |
| Managing diabetes: How can online games help patients make healthier choices? Posted: 21 May 2014 10:34 AM PDT Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease of global relevance. Due to the fear that comes with the long-term bodily degenerative processes, people with the disease often do not actively seek information on the health risks. According to a new study, modern day technologies like interactive games and virtual reality platforms can help people with Type 2 diabetes make better choices and monitor their health on a regular basis.  |
| Cancer avatars for personalized medicine help researchers find genomic signatures of cancers Posted: 21 May 2014 10:31 AM PDT Computer simulations of cancer cells – cancer avatars – have been used by researchers to identify drugs most likely to kill cancer cells isolated from patients' brain tumors. The findings may help researchers stratify cancer patients for clinical trials according to their cancers' genomic signatures and predicted sensitivities to different cancer drugs.  |
| Massive cost savings in high-tech pathogen-identification method Posted: 20 May 2014 09:29 AM PDT Using a new method for identifying bacteria and fungi in patient specimens led to a 92 percent cost reduction in the reagents needed to run clinical microbiology tests. "I don't like to use the word 'revolutionize,' but this technology has revolutionized our lab. We can diagnose infection more efficiently and treat patients much quicker, both of which help decrease health care costs," the lead investigator said.  |
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