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Tuesday, March 6, 2012

ScienceDaily: Top Science News

ScienceDaily: Top Science News


Space weather: Explosions on Venus

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 02:37 PM PST

A recent study has found clear evidence on Venus for a type of space weather outburst quite common at Earth, called a hot flow anomaly.

Stem cells can repair a damaged cornea

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 01:08 PM PST

A new cornea may be the only way to prevent a patient going blind -- but there is a shortage of donated corneas and the queue for transplantation is long. Scientists have for the first time successfully cultivated stem cells on human corneas, which may in the long term remove the need for donators.

New research supports theory of extraterrestrial impact

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 01:08 PM PST

Scientists have identified a nearly 13,000-year-old layer of thin, dark sediment buried in the floor of Lake Cuitzeo in central Mexico. The sediment layer contains an exotic assemblage of materials, including nanodiamonds, impact spherules, and more, which, according to the researchers, are the result of a cosmic body impacting Earth.

The Blue Planet's new water budget: Do we have enough?

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 01:06 PM PST

Investigating the history of water on Earth is critical to understanding the planet's climate. One central question is whether Earth has always had the same amount of water on and surrounding it, the same so-called "water budget". Has Earth gained or lost water from comets and meteorites? Has water been lost into space? New research into the Earth's primordial oceans revisits Earth's historical water budget.

Smart, self-healing hydrogels open far-reaching possibilities in medicine, engineering

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 01:06 PM PST

Bioengineers have developed a self-healing hydrogel that binds in seconds, as easily as Velcro, and forms a bond strong enough to withstand repeated stretching. The material has numerous potential applications, including medical sutures, targeted drug delivery, industrial sealants and self-healing plastics.

Demise of early large animals caused by both humans and climate change

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 01:06 PM PST

Past waves of extinctions which removed some of the world's largest animals were caused by both people and climate change, according to new research.

Genetic link between visual pathways of hydras and humans discovered

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 12:06 PM PST

What good is half an eye? Evolutionary biologists studying the origins of vision get that question a lot, and new research points to a possible answer. New findings indicate that, even in the absence of eyes altogether, some creatures display a light-sensitivity that uses the same visual pathway that allows humans to see.

Spider silk conducts heat as well as metals

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 10:26 AM PST

Researchers have discovered that spider silk is surprisingly good at transferring heat. Spider silk, in fact, conducts heat as well or better than most metals.

Sawfishes sure can wield a saw: Saw senses electric fields to locate prey and also attack

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 10:24 AM PST

Sawfishes wouldn't be sawfishes if they didn't come equipped with long toothy snouts -- their saws. Now, researchers have figured out what they use those saws for, and it turns out the answer is quite impressive. The saws themselves have tiny sensors that enable sawfishes to detect the electric fields of other nearby animals.

Spanking and genetics may increase childhood aggression

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 10:22 AM PST

The risk of problem behavior during childhood — particularly for boys — is greatly increased if children have genetic predispositions for these behaviors and if they are spanked by their parents.

Conscious perception has little to do with primary visual cortex, research suggests

Posted: 05 Mar 2012 10:18 AM PST

Imaging data suggest that conscious perception has little to do with the primary visual cortex -- the region where visual information enters the brain. From a purely intuitive point of view, it is easy to believe that our ability to actively pay attention to a target is inextricably connected with our capacity to consciously perceive it. However, this proposition remains the subject of extensive debate in the research community, and surprising new findings promise to fuel the debate.

Dust linked to increased glacier melting, ocean productivity

Posted: 01 Mar 2012 03:08 PM PST

A new study has established a link between large dust storms on Iceland and glacial melting. The dust is both accelerating glacial melting and contributing important nutrients to the surrounding North Atlantic Ocean. The results provide new insights on the role of dust in climate change and high-latitude ocean ecosystems.

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