ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

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• Astronomers gear up to discover Earth-like planets
• Spooky action put to order: Different types of 'entanglement' classified
• Metabolic model of E. coli reveals how bacterial growth responds to temperature change
• Promising material for lithium-ion batteries
• Quantum teleportation between atomic systems over long distances
• 'Dust trap' around young star solves long-standing planet formation mystery
• Cassini sees precursors to aerosol haze on Saturn's largest moon, Titan
• Stars don't obliterate their planets (very often)
• Second life for possible spintronic materials: Manganese, gallium nitride merged in uniform layer
• Surgeons implant bioengineered vein: Kidney dialysis patient first in U.S. to receive lab-grown blood vessel
• Specifically sized gold nanoparticle spheres increase the sensitivity of a light-based chemical detector

Astronomers gear up to discover Earth-like planets Posted: 06 Jun 2013 04:08 PM PDT Dust clouds around stars are thought to hide many undiscovered planets with conditions suitable for life, but observations have been hampered by the fact that only the brightest such clouds can be detected with current technology. Astronomers are developing a technique to detect faint dust clouds, many of which might hide Earth-like planets.

Spooky action put to order: Different types of 'entanglement' classified Posted: 06 Jun 2013 12:47 PM PDT A property known as "entanglement" is a fundamental characteristic of quantum mechanics. Physicists and mathematicians have now shown how different forms of this phenomenon can be efficiently and systematically classified into categories. The method should help to fully exploit the potential of novel quantum technologies.

Metabolic model of E. coli reveals how bacterial growth responds to temperature change Posted: 06 Jun 2013 12:47 PM PDT Bioengineers have developed a computational model of 1,366 genes in E. coli that includes 3D protein structures and has enabled them to compute the temperature sensitivity of the bacterium's proteins. The study opens the door for engineers to create heat-tolerant microbial strains for production of commodity chemicals, therapeutic proteins and other industrial applications.

Promising material for lithium-ion batteries Posted: 06 Jun 2013 11:10 AM PDT Laptops could work longer and electric cars could drive farther if it were possible to further increase the capacity of their lithium-ion batteries. The electrode material has a decisive influence on a battery's capacity. So far, the negative electrode typically consists of graphite, whose layers can store lithium atoms. Scientists have now developed a material made of boron and silicon that could smooth the way to systems with higher capacities.

Quantum teleportation between atomic systems over long distances Posted: 06 Jun 2013 11:08 AM PDT Researchers have been able to teleport information from light to light at a quantum level for several years. In 2006, researchers succeeded in teleporting between light and gas atoms. Now the research group has succeeded in teleporting information between two clouds of gas atoms and to carry out the teleportation -- not just one or a few times, but successfully every single time.

'Dust trap' around young star solves long-standing planet formation mystery Posted: 06 Jun 2013 11:05 AM PDT Astronomers have imaged a region around a young star where dust particles can grow by clumping together. This is the first time that such a dust trap has been clearly observed and modeled. It solves a long-standing mystery about how dust particles in discs grow to larger sizes so that they can eventually form comets, planets and other rocky bodies.

Cassini sees precursors to aerosol haze on Saturn's largest moon, Titan Posted: 06 Jun 2013 10:58 AM PDT Scientists working with data from NASA's Cassini mission have confirmed the presence of a population of complex hydrocarbons in the upper atmosphere of Saturn's largest moon, Titan, that later evolve into the components that give the moon a distinctive orange-brown haze. The presence of these complex, ringed hydrocarbons, known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), explains the origin of the aerosol particles found in the lowest haze layer that blankets Titan's surface. Scientists think these PAH compounds aggregate into larger particles as they drift downward.

Stars don't obliterate their planets (very often) Posted: 06 Jun 2013 10:47 AM PDT Stars have an alluring pull on planets, especially those in a class called hot Jupiters, which are gas giants that form farther from their stars before migrating inward and heating up. Now, a new study using data from NASA's Kepler Space Telescope shows that hot Jupiters, despite their close-in orbits, are not regularly consumed by their stars. Instead, the planets remain in fairly stable orbits for billions of years, until the day comes when they may ultimately get eaten.

Second life for possible spintronic materials: Manganese, gallium nitride merged in uniform layer Posted: 06 Jun 2013 08:20 AM PDT Ten years ago, scientists were convinced that a combination of manganese and gallium nitride could be a key material to create spintronics, the next generation of electronic devices that operate on properties found at the nanoscale.

Surgeons implant bioengineered vein: Kidney dialysis patient first in U.S. to receive lab-grown blood vessel Posted: 06 Jun 2013 08:00 AM PDT In a first-of-its-kind operation in the United States, a team of doctors created a bioengineered blood vessel and implanted it into the arm of a patient with end-stage kidney disease. The procedure, the first U.S. clinical trial to test the safety and effectiveness of the bioengineered blood vessel, is a milestone in the field of tissue engineering. The new vein is an off-the-shelf, human cell-based product with no biological properties that would cause organ rejection.

Specifically sized gold nanoparticle spheres increase the sensitivity of a light-based chemical detector Posted: 06 Jun 2013 06:59 AM PDT A sensor that relies on reflected light to analyze biomedical and chemical samples now has greater sensitivity, thanks to a carpet of gold nanoparticles. Scientists have determined the ideal size of nanoparticle to improve surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors.

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