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Tuesday, June 18, 2013

ScienceDaily: Top Science News

ScienceDaily: Top Science News


Quality of waking hours determines ease of falling sleep

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 02:31 PM PDT

The quality of wakefulness affects how quickly a mammal falls asleep, researchers report in a study that identifies two proteins never before linked to alertness and sleep-wake balance.

Predators affect the carbon cycle, study shows

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:09 PM PDT

A new study shows that the predator-prey relationship can affect the flow of carbon through an ecosystem. This previously unmeasured influence on the environment may offer a new way of looking at biodiversity management and carbon storage for climate change.

New way to improve antibiotic production

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:09 PM PDT

New research findings could reduce production times and therefore costs for antibiotic producers.

Mapping a room in a snap: Four microphones and a computer algorithm are enough to produce a 3-D model of a simple, convex room

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:08 PM PDT

An algorithm makes it possible to measure the dimensions of a room using just a few microphones and a snap of your fingers. There are many promising applications on the horizon.

Voices may not trigger brain's reward centers in children with autism

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:08 PM PDT

In autism, brain regions tailored to respond to voices are poorly connected to reward-processing circuits, according to a new study.

Underwater springs reveal how coral reefs respond to ocean acidification

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:08 PM PDT

Ocean acidification due to rising carbon dioxide levels will reduce the density of coral skeletons, making coral reefs more vulnerable to disruption and erosion, according to a new study of corals growing where submarine springs naturally lower the pH of seawater. The study is the first to show that corals are not able to fully acclimate to low pH conditions in nature.

New drug reverses loss of brain connections in Alzheimer's

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:08 PM PDT

The first experimental drug to boost brain synapses lost in Alzheimer's disease has been developed by researchers.

Pesticides significantly reduce biodiversity in aquatic environments

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 01:07 PM PDT

The pesticides, many of which are currently used in Europe and Australia, are responsible for reducing the regional diversity of invertebrates in streams and rivers by up to 42 percent, researchers report.

Bullfrogs may help spread deadly amphibian fungus, but also die from it

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 09:25 AM PDT

Amphibian populations are declining worldwide and a major cause is a deadly fungus thought to be spread by bullfrogs, but a two-year study shows they can also die from this pathogen, contrary to suggestions that bullfrogs are a tolerant carrier host that just spreads the disease.

Is there an invisible tug-of-war behind bad hearts and power outages?

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 09:24 AM PDT

Researchers report the first purely physical experimental evidence that an invisible and chaotic tug-of-war known as a chimera state can occur naturally within any process that relies on spontaneous synchronization, including clock pendulums, power grids and heart valves.

People attribute minds to robots, corpses that are targets of harm

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 09:24 AM PDT

As Descartes famously noted, there's no way to really know that another person has a mind -- every mind we observe is, in a sense, a mind we create. Now, new research suggests that victimization may be one condition that leads us to perceive minds in others, even in entities we don't normally think of as having minds, such as a corpse or a robot.

Artificial bone: Designing synthetic materials and quickly turning the design into reality with 3-D printing

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 09:23 AM PDT

Researchers have developed a new method to design synthetic materials and quickly turn the design into reality using computer optimization and 3-D printing.

Blocking overactive receptor in Alzheimer's recovers memory loss and more, mouse study suggests

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 09:23 AM PDT

A new study shows that memory pathology in older mice with Alzheimer's disease can be reversed with treatment.

Chemical in antibacterial soap fed to nursing rats harms offspring, study finds

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 09:21 AM PDT

A mother's exposure to triclocarban, a common antibacterial chemical, while nursing her babies shortens the life of her female offspring, a new study in rats finds.

Genetic diversity key to survival of honey bee colonies

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 08:13 AM PDT

When it comes to honey bees, more mates is better. A new study shows that genetic diversity is key to survival in honey bee colonies -- meaning a colony is less likely to survive if its queen has had a limited number of mates.

Infections increase risk of mood disorders, study suggests

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 08:13 AM PDT

New research shows that every third person who is diagnosed for the first time with a mood disorder has been admitted to hospital with an infection prior to the diagnosis. The study is the largest of its kind to date to show a clear correlation between infection levels and the risk of developing mood disorders.

Mice in a 'Big Brother' setup develop social structures

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 08:13 AM PDT

New research into mouse social behavior finds signs of leadership and reveals features of "autistic" mouse society.

Jet stream changes cause climatically exceptional Greenland Ice Sheet melt

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 08:12 AM PDT

Scientists have shown that unusual changes in atmospheric jet stream circulation caused the exceptional surface melt of the Greenland Ice Sheet in summer 2012.

New 'embryonic' subduction zone found

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 07:46 AM PDT

A new subduction zone forming off the coast of Portugal heralds the beginning of a cycle that will see the Atlantic Ocean close as continental Europe moves closer to America.

A robot that runs like a cat

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 07:46 AM PDT

Thanks to its legs, whose design faithfully reproduces feline morphology, a four-legged "cheetah-cub robot" has the same advantages as its model: it is small, light and fast. Still in its experimental stage, the robot will serve as a platform for research in locomotion and biomechanics.

Sibling aggression linked to poor mental health

Posted: 17 Jun 2013 06:11 AM PDT

Fights between siblings are so common they're often dismissed as simply part of growing up. Yet a new study finds that sibling aggression is associated with significantly worse mental health in children and adolescents. In some cases, effects of sibling aggression on mental health were the same as those of peer aggression.

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