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Tuesday, June 5, 2012

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News


Practical tool can 'take pulse' of blue-green algae status in lakes

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 03:20 PM PDT

Scientists have designed a screening tool that provides a fast, easy and relatively inexpensive way to predict levels of a specific toxin in lakes that are prone to blue-green algal blooms.

Fossil discovery: More evidence for Asia, not Africa, as the source of earliest anthropoid primates

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 12:57 PM PDT

A new fossil primate from Myanmar illuminates a critical step in the evolution of early anthropoids. Afrasia closely resembles another early anthropoid, Afrotarsius libycus. The close similarity indicates that early anthropoids colonized Africa only shortly before the time when these animals lived. This was a pivotal step in primate and human evolution, because it set the stage for the later evolution of more advanced apes and humans there.

Reign of the giant insects ended with the evolution of birds

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 12:57 PM PDT

Giant insects ruled the prehistoric skies during periods when Earth's atmosphere was rich in oxygen. Then came the birds. After the evolution of birds about 150 million years ago, insects got smaller despite rising oxygen levels, according to a new study.

Mosquitoes fly in rain thanks to low mass

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 12:55 PM PDT

Even rain can't deter mosquitoes. The blood-sucking insect can fly in a downpour because of its strong exoskeletons and low mass render it impervious to falling drops. Researchers determined this using high-speed videography.

How infectious disease may have shaped human origins

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 12:55 PM PDT

Scientists suggest that inactivation of two specific genes related to the immune system may have conferred selected ancestors of modern humans with improved protection from some pathogenic bacterial strains, such as Escherichia coli K1 and Group B Streptococci, the leading causes of sepsis and meningitis in human fetuses, newborns and infants.

Ancient jugs hold the secret to practical mathematics in Biblical times

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 09:56 AM PDT

Archaeologists and mathematicians alike have been puzzled for centuries by the use of spherical jugs in trade in the ancient world, and how merchants measured the volume of the commodities they held. Now researchers have revealed that these ancient cultures had their own unique means of measurement, accurate enough for business and other uses.

Researchers achieve RNA interference, in a lighter package

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 09:56 AM PDT

Using a technique known as "nucleic acid origami," chemical engineers have built tiny particles made out of DNA and RNA that can deliver snippets of RNA directly to tumors, turning off genes expressed in cancer cells.

Knowing yeast genome produces better wine

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 06:30 AM PDT

The yeast Dekkera bruxellensis plays an important role in the production of wine, as it can have either a positive or a negative impact on the taste. Researchers have analyzed the yeast's genome giving wine producers the possibility to take control of the flavor development of the wine.

Export extravaganza in human cells

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 06:29 AM PDT

In the first comprehensive census of human cells' export workers, scientists found an unexpected variety of genes involved in transporting molecules to the cell membrane and beyond.

Filming life in the fast lane

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 06:28 AM PDT

A new microscope enabled scientists to film a fruit fly embryo, in 3D, from when it was about two-and-a-half hours old until it walked away from the microscope as a larva.

Molecular algebra in mammalian cells

Posted: 04 Jun 2012 06:28 AM PDT

Researchers have reprogrammed mammalian cells in such a way as to perform logical calculations like a pocket calculator. The cells owe this ability to one of the most complex gene networks that has ever been incorporated into a higher cell.

First genome-wide assessment of secretion in human cells

Posted: 03 Jun 2012 04:16 PM PDT

Scientists have revealed that 15% of the proteins encoded by the human genome contribute to the process of secretion in cells. This finding has been made possible through the assessment of more than 8 million individual cells.

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