ScienceDaily: Top Science News

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• Leaky, star-forming galaxies leads to better understand the universe
• Mechanism that repairs brain after stroke discovered
• Fish moving poleward at rate of 26 kilometres per decade
• DNA nano-foundries cast custom-shaped metal nanoparticles
• Lung cancer can stay hidden for over 20 years
• Embryos receive parent-specific layers of information, study shows
• Special chromosomal structures control key genes

Leaky, star-forming galaxies leads to better understand the universe Posted: 10 Oct 2014 07:08 AM PDT Focusing on large, star-forming galaxies, researchers were able to measure radiation leaks in an effort to better understand how the universe evolved as the first stars were formed.

Mechanism that repairs brain after stroke discovered Posted: 10 Oct 2014 05:38 AM PDT A previously unknown mechanism through which the brain produces new nerve cells after a stroke has been discovered by researchers. A stroke is caused by a blood clot blocking a blood vessel in the brain, which leads to an interruption of blood flow and therefore a shortage of oxygen. Many nerve cells die, resulting in motor, sensory and cognitive problems. The researchers have shown that following an induced stroke in mice, support cells, so-called astrocytes, start to form nerve cells in the injured part of the brain.

Fish moving poleward at rate of 26 kilometres per decade Posted: 10 Oct 2014 05:38 AM PDT Large numbers of fish will disappear from the tropics by 2050, finds a new study that examined the impact of climate change on fish stocks. The study identified ocean hotspots for local fish extinction but also found that changing temperatures will drive more fish into the Arctic and Antarctic waters.

DNA nano-foundries cast custom-shaped metal nanoparticles Posted: 09 Oct 2014 12:41 PM PDT Researchers have unveiled a new method to form tiny 3-D metal nanoparticles in prescribed shapes and dimensions using DNA, nature's building block, as a construction mold. The ability to mold inorganic nanoparticles out of materials such as gold and silver in precisely designed 3D shapes is a significant breakthrough that has the potential to advance laser technology, microscopy, solar cells, electronics, environmental testing, disease detection and more.

Lung cancer can stay hidden for over 20 years Posted: 09 Oct 2014 12:40 PM PDT Scientists have discovered that lung cancers can lie dormant for over 20 years before suddenly turning into an aggressive form of the disease.

Embryos receive parent-specific layers of information, study shows Posted: 09 Oct 2014 12:40 PM PDT The information that interprets the genetic code in a new embryo differs depending on whether it comes from the father or mother, researchers have found. This parent specific information is contained within modified histone proteins, also called 'epigenetic marks,' which influence the development plan of new embryos. The research opens up new avenues of study for scientists exploring the process of how genetic information is passed from parents to offspring.

Special chromosomal structures control key genes Posted: 09 Oct 2014 09:49 AM PDT Scientists have long theorized that the way in which the roughly three meters of DNA in a human cell is packaged to fit within a nuclear space just six microns wide, affects gene expression. Now, researchers present the first evidence that DNA structure does indeed have such effects -— in this case finding a link between chromosome structure and the expression and repression of key genes.

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