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Monday, March 31, 2014

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News


Northern and southern hemisphere climates follow the beat of different drummers

Posted: 30 Mar 2014 12:13 PM PDT

Over the last 1000 years, temperature differences between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres were larger than previously thought. Using new data from the Southern Hemisphere, researchers have shown that climate model simulations overestimate the links between the climate variations across the Earth with implications for regional predictions.

Earth's dynamic interior: Multiple compositional components of Earth's deep mantle carried up to surface

Posted: 30 Mar 2014 12:12 PM PDT

Seeking to better understand the composition of the lowermost part of Earth's mantle, located nearly 2,900 kilometers (1,800 miles) below the surface, researchers have developed new simulations that depict the dynamics of deep Earth. These could be used to explain the complex geochemistry of lava from hotspots such as Hawaii.

New approach to leukemia testing may better define prognosis, treatment

Posted: 29 Mar 2014 02:51 PM PDT

Nearly half of patients with the most common form of adult leukemia are said to have normal chromosomes but appear instead to have a distinct pattern of genetic abnormalities that could better define their prognosis and treatment, researchers report. In new work using microarray technology that probes millions of genes within chromosomes, researchers found the unique pattern in the leukemia cells of 22 patients diagnosed with cytogenetically normal acute myelogenous leukemia.

New device simulating human gut will save money, reduce testing on animals

Posted: 28 Mar 2014 02:51 PM PDT

A breakthrough in drug testing could lead to cheaper, more effective medicines. A device has been created that accurately simulates the gastro-intestinal tract and how it absorbs medication. This means that the cost of clinical trials, as well as the use of animals in testing, could be greatly reduced, with savings passed on to customers. 

Hormone levels linked to survival of deer calves, study suggests

Posted: 27 Mar 2014 07:13 AM PDT

Levels of a key hormone in the blood may be important for the survival prospects of newborn animals, a study of wild deer suggests. First-born male deer that have relatively high levels of the male hormone testosterone are less likely to survive their first year compared with their peers, the research shows.

Combating obesity with new Okinawan rice

Posted: 27 Mar 2014 07:03 AM PDT

In recent years, Okinawa has recorded the dubious distinction of having the highest obesity rate in Japan. Preventing obesity-related diseases is an urgent issue. A new research project has been launched to develop a new strain of rice that produces digestion-resistant starch to prevent these diseases. The project involves three activities by the medical, agricultural, and food industries: development of the new rice strain, nutritional and physiological analyses, and processing and sales.

Prestorage conditioning, diphenylamine improve condition of 'honeycrisp' apple

Posted: 26 Mar 2014 12:37 PM PDT

Experiments with 'honeycrisp' apples investigated susceptibility to controlled-atmosphere injury, determined the influence of O2 and CO2, and evaluated options for avoiding injury during controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage. Injury severity declined as the temperature of the prestorage conditioning period increased. Diphenylamine also provided nearly complete control of CA injury. 1-MCP, although not studied in conjunction with a modified atmosphere, caused no injury in air storage and thus may provide an alternative to CA storage for honeycrisp.

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