ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Interspecies transplant works in first step for new diabetes therapy
• Link between quantum physics and game theory found
• On the trail of bacteria: Infrared light allows characterization of pathogens
• Drug delivery: Small packages delivering huge results
• Brain region implicated in emotional disturbance in dementia patients
• Where do muscles get their power? Fifty-year-old assumptions about strength muscled aside
• Understanding the motivations of mass shooters is key to successful law enforcement strategies
• Marital status reduces risk of death from HIV/AIDS for men
• Promise of 'human computing power' via crowdsourcing to speed medical research
• Induced seismicity? Recent spike of earthquakes in the central and eastern U.S. may be linked to human activity
• Grazing slugs hinder grassland restoration
• Gang members found to suffer unprecedented levels of psychiatric illness
• Air pollution responsible for more than 2 million deaths worldwide each year, experts estimate
• Novel bicycle saddle prevents chafing, pain and other damage associated with the genital area
• Individual atoms imaged in a living catalytic reaction
• A coral symbiont genome decoded for first time
• Daydreaming simulated by computer model

Interspecies transplant works in first step for new diabetes therapy Posted: 12 Jul 2013 08:46 AM PDT In the first step toward animal-to-human transplants of insulin-producing cells for people with type 1 diabetes, scientists have successfully transplanted islets, the cells that produce insulin, from one species to another. And the islets survived without immunosuppressive drugs. Scientists developed a new method that prevented rejection of the islets, a huge problem in transplants between species, called xenotransplantation.

Link between quantum physics and game theory found Posted: 12 Jul 2013 08:46 AM PDT A deep link between two seemingly unconnected areas of modern science has been discovered.

On the trail of bacteria: Infrared light allows characterization of pathogens Posted: 12 Jul 2013 08:46 AM PDT Scientists are hot on the trail of the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The researchers have developed a technique for the rapid and reliable distinction between strains that can cause chronic infections and those that cannot. Using infrared light and artificial intelligence, the scientists present a sophisticated method for the prediction of disease progression.

Drug delivery: Small packages delivering huge results Posted: 12 Jul 2013 08:46 AM PDT Researchers have developed an efficient system to coat tiny objects, such as bacterial cells, with thin films that assemble themselves which could have important implications for drug delivery as well as biomedical and environmental applications.

Brain region implicated in emotional disturbance in dementia patients Posted: 12 Jul 2013 08:45 AM PDT A new study has demonstrated that patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) lose the emotional content/color of their memories. These findings explain why FTD patients may not vividly remember an emotionally charged event like a wedding or funeral.

Where do muscles get their power? Fifty-year-old assumptions about strength muscled aside Posted: 12 Jul 2013 07:28 AM PDT New understanding of where muscles get their power from turns 50 years of strength belief on its head. New insight could aid everything from bodybuilding to cardiac care.

Understanding the motivations of mass shooters is key to successful law enforcement strategies Posted: 12 Jul 2013 07:25 AM PDT A detailed statistical study of mass shootings in the USA suggests that training law enforcement officers to recognize the psychology and behavioral patterns of perpetrators could improve officers' ability to deal with an on-site shootout or suicide.

Marital status reduces risk of death from HIV/AIDS for men Posted: 12 Jul 2013 07:24 AM PDT At the height of the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s men who were married were significantly less likely to die of HIV/AIDS than their single counterparts. For women, marital status had little impact on who was more likely to die of the disease. But race proved to be a significant risk factor.

Promise of 'human computing power' via crowdsourcing to speed medical research Posted: 12 Jul 2013 07:24 AM PDT Utilizing crowdsourcing in medical research can improve the quality, cost, and speed of a research project while engaging large segments of the public and creating novel science.

Induced seismicity? Recent spike of earthquakes in the central and eastern U.S. may be linked to human activity Posted: 12 Jul 2013 06:52 AM PDT The number of earthquakes has increased dramatically over the past few years within the central and eastern United States. More than 300 earthquakes above a magnitude 3.0 occurred in the three years from 2010-2012, compared with an average rate of 21 events per year observed from 1967-2000. This increase in earthquakes prompts two important questions: Are they natural, or human-made? And what should be done in the future as we address the causes and consequences of these events to reduce associated risks? U.S. Geological Survey scientists have been analyzing the changes in the rate of earthquakes as well as the likely causes, and they have some answers.

Grazing slugs hinder grassland restoration Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:46 AM PDT Research shows slugs may be hampering efforts to restore ecologically important grasslands.

Gang members found to suffer unprecedented levels of psychiatric illness Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:46 AM PDT Young men who are gang members suffer unprecedented levels of psychiatric illness, placing a heavy burden on mental health services, according to new research.

Air pollution responsible for more than 2 million deaths worldwide each year, experts estimate Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:44 AM PDT More than two million deaths occur globally each year as a direct result of human-caused outdoor air pollution, a new study has found. In addition, while it has been suggested that a changing climate can exacerbate the effects of air pollution and increase death rates, the study shows that this has a minimal effect and only accounts for a small proportion of current deaths related to air pollution.

Novel bicycle saddle prevents chafing, pain and other damage associated with the genital area Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:44 AM PDT Researchers have developed a novel bicycle saddle that prevents chafing, pain and other damage associated with the genital area as impotence and prostatitis.

Individual atoms imaged in a living catalytic reaction Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:43 AM PDT Groundbreaking new electron microscopy technology is allowing researchers to observe and analyze single atoms, small clusters and nanoparticles in dynamic in-situ experiments for the first time.

A coral symbiont genome decoded for first time Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:43 AM PDT Scientists have decoded the genome of the algae Symbiodinium minutum. This is a major advance in understanding the complex ecology of coral reefs.

Daydreaming simulated by computer model Posted: 12 Jul 2013 05:42 AM PDT Scientists have created a virtual model of the brain that daydreams like humans do. They hope the model will help them understand why certain portions of the brain work together when a person is mentally idle.

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