ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Genetics of melanoma chemoresistance
• CERN experiment traps antimatter atoms for 1000 seconds
• New solar system formation models indicate that Jupiter's foray robbed Mars of mass
• Carbon release to atmosphere 10 times faster than in the past, geologists find
• CERN group traps antihydrogen atoms for more than 16 minutes
• Scientists use super microscope to pinpoint body’s immunity 'switch'
• Major step in improving forecasts of weather extremes such as floods and droughts
• Neuroscientists map a new target to wipe pain away
• Early light refines brain's circuitry for vision: Studies show importance of visual stimulation in wiring up species' brains to see
• Physicists store antimatter atoms for 1,000 seconds -- and still counting
• Upping the anti: Canadian researchers instrumental in game-changing antimatter study
• Pioneering stem cell bandage receives approval in UK for clinical trial
• Emergency department residents' attitudes favorable to pregnancy during residency, survey finds
• Flaxseed no cure for hot flashes during breast cancer or menopause, study finds
• Similar one-year survival for catheter-based aortic valve replacement (AVR) and open AVR in high-risk patients
• New generation asthma drug could improve metabolism, research suggests
• Stem cell treatment may offer option for broken bones that don't heal

Genetics of melanoma chemoresistance Posted: 05 Jun 2011 04:15 PM PDT Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive and notoriously chemoresistant form of cancer. In a new paper, researchers reveal that anti-melanoma drugs may, paradoxically, induce a senescence-associated secretory profile ("secretome") that can ultimately promote metastasis and contribute to melanoma relapse.

CERN experiment traps antimatter atoms for 1000 seconds Posted: 05 Jun 2011 04:14 PM PDT In a new paper, the ALPHA experiment at CERN reports that it has succeeded in trapping antimatter atoms for over 16 minutes: long enough to begin to study their properties in detail. ALPHA is part of a broad programme at CERN's antiproton decelerator investigating the mysteries of one of nature's most elusive substances.

New solar system formation models indicate that Jupiter's foray robbed Mars of mass Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT Planetary scientists have long wondered why Mars is only about half the size and one-tenth the mass of Earth. As next-door neighbors in the inner solar system, probably formed about the same time, why isn't Mars more like Earth and Venus in size and mass? A new paper provides the first cohesive explanation and, by doing so, reveals an unexpected twist in the early lives of Jupiter and Saturn as well.

Carbon release to atmosphere 10 times faster than in the past, geologists find Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT The rate of release of carbon into the atmosphere today is nearly 10 times as fast as during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), 55.9 million years ago, the best analog we have for current global warming, according to an international team of geologists. Rate matters and this current rapid change may not allow sufficient time for the biological environment to adjust.

CERN group traps antihydrogen atoms for more than 16 minutes Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT The ALPHA experiment at CERN last year reported trapping 38 antihydrogen atoms for 0.1 seconds each. They've gotten better. In a run late last year, they captured more than 100 for up to 1,000 seconds each, enough to start long-awaited experiments to determine the energy levels of antiatoms. They also plan gravitational experiments to see if matter and antimatter have the same properties.

Scientists use super microscope to pinpoint body’s immunity 'switch' Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT Using super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, medical scientists have been able for the first time to see the inner workings of T-cells, the front-line troops that alert our immune system to go on the defensive against germs and other invaders in our bloodstream. The discovery overturns prevailing understanding, identifying the exact molecular "switch" that spurs T-cells into action -- a breakthrough that could lead to treatments for a range of conditions from autoimmune diseases to cancer.

Major step in improving forecasts of weather extremes such as floods and droughts Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT Moisture and heat fluctuations from the land surface to the atmosphere form a critical nexus between surface hydrology and atmospheric processes, especially those relevant to rainfall. While current theory has suggested that soil moisture has had a positive impact on precipitation, there have been very few large-scale observations of this. Now, a team of researchers has demonstrated that evaporation from the land surface is able to modify summertime rainfall east of the Mississippi and in the monsoonal region in the southern U.S. and Mexico.

Neuroscientists map a new target to wipe pain away Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a peptide that short circuits a pathway for chronic pain. Unlike current treatments this peptide does not exhibit deleterious side effects such as reduced motor coordination, memory loss, or depression, according to a new study.

Early light refines brain's circuitry for vision: Studies show importance of visual stimulation in wiring up species' brains to see Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT Creatures are not born hardwired to see. Instead, they depend on electrical activity in the retina to refine the complex circuits that process visual information. Two new studies in different species using different techniques show how nascent animal brains use light to wire up or construct their central vision system.

Physicists store antimatter atoms for 1,000 seconds -- and still counting Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:24 AM PDT Physicists with the international ALPHA Collaboration at CERN in Geneva have succeeded in storing a total of 309 antihydrogen atoms, some for as long as 1,000 seconds (almost 17 minutes) or even longer -- more than enough time to perform meaningful scientific experiments on confined anti-atoms.

Upping the anti: Canadian researchers instrumental in game-changing antimatter study Posted: 05 Jun 2011 10:13 AM PDT Science fiction is fast approaching science fact as researchers are progressing rapidly toward "bottling" antimatter. Physicists with the ALPHA experiment at CERN report that they have succeeded in storing antimatter atoms for over 16 minutes.

Pioneering stem cell bandage receives approval in UK for clinical trial Posted: 05 Jun 2011 09:32 AM PDT Millions of people with knee injuries could benefit from a new type of stem cell bandage treatment if clinical trials are successful. The world's first clinical trial for the treatment of patients with torn meniscal cartilage has received approval from the UK regulatory agency to commence. The current treatment for the majority of tears is the removal of the meniscus, a procedure that often results in the early onset of osteoarthritis.

Emergency department residents' attitudes favorable to pregnancy during residency, survey finds Posted: 05 Jun 2011 09:32 AM PDT The demands of a medical residency can make balancing a career and family a challenge. But the results of a survey of emergency department (ED) resident physicians' attitudes on pregnancy during residency may offer uplifting news. The survey of 541 residents from across the country found that 84 percent said it was acceptable for female residents to have children during residency and 82 percent said they would rearrange their schedule to help a pregnant colleague.

Flaxseed no cure for hot flashes during breast cancer or menopause, study finds Posted: 05 Jun 2011 09:32 AM PDT Flaxseed provides no benefit in easing hot flashes among breast cancer patients and postmenopausal women, according to a new study.

Similar one-year survival for catheter-based aortic valve replacement (AVR) and open AVR in high-risk patients Posted: 05 Jun 2011 09:32 AM PDT Less invasive catheter-based aortic valve replacement and open valve-replacement surgery have a similar one-year survival for patients at high risk for surgery, according to a recent study.

New generation asthma drug could improve metabolism, research suggests Posted: 05 Jun 2011 09:32 AM PDT Formoterol, a new generation asthma medication, shows great promise for improving fat and protein metabolism, say Australian researchers, who have tested this effect in a small sample of men.

Stem cell treatment may offer option for broken bones that don't heal Posted: 05 Jun 2011 09:32 AM PDT Researchers have shown in an animal study that transplantation of adult stem cells enriched with a bone-regenerating hormone can help mend bone fractures that are not healing properly.

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