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Wednesday, September 5, 2012

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

September 5th, 2012Top Story

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

By Alan Henry

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs) You may know what a VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is; you probably don't use one. You really should be using a VPN, and even if you don't think so now, at some point in the future you may consider it as important as your internet connection.

When we took at look at your five favorite VPN service providers, we noticed a few things. First, being the "best" is big business for VPN providers, and they'll fight dirty to be one of them. Second, there are so many VPN providers that it's difficult to choose a really good one. VPNs are not all created equally, and in this post, we're going to look at what a VPN is, why you want one, and how to pick the best one for you. Let's get started.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

What Is a VPN?

Put simply, a Virtual Private Network, or VPN, is a group of computers (or discrete networks) networked together through over a public network—namely, the internet. Businesses use VPNs to connect remote datacenters, and individuals can use VPNs to get access to network resources when they're not physically on the same LAN (local area network), or as a method for securing and encrypting their communications when they're using an untrusted public network. Photo by Pavel Ignatov (Shutterstock).

When you connect to a VPN, you usually launch a VPN client on your computer (or click a link on a special website), log in with your credentials, and your computer exchanges trusted keys with a far away server. Once both computers have verified each other as authentic, all of your internet communication is encrypted and secured from eavesdropping.

The most important thing you need to know about a VPN: It secures your computer's internet connection to guarantee that all of the data you're sending and receiving is encrypted and secured from prying eyes.

Whether the VPNs you're familiar with are the ones offered by your school or business to help you work or stay connected when you're traveling or the ones you pay to get you watch your favorite shows in another country as they air, they're all doing the same thing. For much more detail on what VPNs are, how they work, and how they're used, check out this How Stuff Works article.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

Why You Need a VPN, or How You Can Benefit from Using One

A VPN alone is just a way to bolster your security and access resources on a network you're not physically connected to. What you choose to do with a VPN is a different story. Usually, VPN users fall into a few separate categories:

  • The student/worker. This person has responsibilities to attend to, and uses a VPN provided by their school or company to access resources on their network when they're at home or traveling. In most cases, this person already has a free VPN service provided to them, so they're not exactly shopping around. Also, if they're worried about security, they can always fire up their VPN when using airport or cafe WI-Fi to ensure no one's snooping on their connection. Photo by Ed Yourdon.
  • The downloader. Whether they're downloading legally or illegally, this person doesn't want on some company's witch-hunt list just because they have a torrenting app installed on their computer. VPNs are the only way to stay safe when using something like BitTorrent—everything else is just a false sense of security. Better safe than trying to defend yourself in court or paying a massive fine for something you may or may not have even done, right?
  • The privacy minded and security advocate. Whether they're a in a strictly monitored environment or a completely free and open one, this person uses VPN services to keep their communications secure and encrypted and away from prying eyes whether they're at home or abroad. To them, unsecured connections mean someone's reading what you say.
  • Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs) The globetrotter. This person wants to watch the Olympics live as they happen, without dealing with their crummy local networks. They want to check out their favorite TV shows as they air instead of waiting for translations or re-broadcasts (or watch the versions aired in other countries,) listen to location-restricted streaming internet radio, or want to use a new web service or application that looks great but for some reason is limited to a specific country or region.
  • Some combination of the above. Odds are, even if you're not one of these people more often than not, you're some mix of them depending on what you're doing. In all of these cases, a VPN service can be helpful, whether it's just a matter of protecting yourself when you're out and about, whether you handle sensitive data for your job and don't want to get fired, or you're just covering your own ass from the MPAA.

Even if none of the above really sound right to you, you can still benefit from using a VPN. You should definitely use one when you travel or work on an untrusted network (read: a network you don't own, manage, or trust who manages.) That means opening your laptop at the coffee shop and logging in to Facebook or using your phone's Wi-Fi to check your email at the airport can all potentially put you at risk.

We've shown you how to build your own VPN for remote gaming and browsing that also protects your security, shown you how to make a VPN even more secure, and shown you dozens of services that operate free and paid VPNs you can sign up for and use. We've even put the question to you several times to tell us which VPN service providers you think are the best. So how do you pick a solid VPN service?

What Makes for a Good VPN?

The best VPNs offer a solid balance of features, server location, connectivity protocols, and price. Some are great for occasional use, others are geared towards getting around the location restrictions companies put on their apps and services, and others are targeted at people who do heavy downloading and want a little privacy while they do it. Here's what you should look for.

  • Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs) Protocol: When you're researching a VPN, you'll see terms like SSL/TLS (sometimes referred to as OpenVPN support,) PPTP, IPSec, L2TP, and other VPN types. We asked Samara Lynn, Lead Analyst for Networking and Small Business at PCMag, whether or not a user shopping for a VPN should shop for one over another. "SSL is what is commonly used these days. All of these protocols will provide a secure connection," she explained, and pointed out that most solutions are invisible to the end-user anyway. Strictly, each protocol has its benefits and drawbacks, and if you're concerned about this (specifically, PPTP vulnerabilities,) you're probably already aware of them. Most users don't need to be concerned about this—corporate users on the other hand, are probably all using IPSec or SSL clients anyway.
  • Corporate and Exit Locations: Depending on what you're using a VPN for, your service's location—and the exit locations you can choose—are important to consider. If you want to get around a location restriction and watch live TV in the UK, for example, you want to make sure your VPN service provider has servers in the UK. If you're concerned about privacy or state-sponsored snooping, you may want to pick a service operated outside of your home country. Similarly, if the service is based on the US, they're subject to US laws, and may be forced to turn over usage data to the authorities upon request. Many people make more of this than they should (we've seen overseas services turn over their data to friendly governments without any hesitation repeatedly), but it's important to make sure a VPN has servers in multiple locations—or at least the location you're interested in—when shopping.
  • Logging: When you connect to a VPN, you're trusting the VPN service provider with your data. Your communications may be secure from eavesdropping, but other systems on the same VPN—especially the operator—can log your data if they choose. If this bothers you (e.g., you're the privacy/security advocate or the downloader), make absolutely sure you know your provider's logging policies before signing up. This applies to location as well—if your company doesn't keep logs, it may not matter as much where it's located. (There's a popular rumor that US-based VPN providers are required to log, in case the government wants them. This isn't true, but the government can always request whatever data they have if they do log.) For a good list of VPN providers that don't log your activities when connected (and many that do), check out this TorrentFreak article.
  • Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs) Anti-Malware/Anti-Spyware Features: Using a VPN doesn't mean you're invulnerable. You should still make sure you're using HTTPS whenever possible, and you should still be careful about what you download. Some VPN service providers—especially mobile ones—bundle their clients with anti-malware scanners to make sure you're not downloading viruses or trojans. When you're shopping, see if the providers you're interested in offer anti-malware protection while you're connected. For example, previously mentioned Hotspot Shield offers malware protection to its premium users. It may not be a dealbreaker for you, but it's always good to have someone watching your back.
  • Mobile Apps: If you're going to spend money on a VPN service provider (or even if you use a free one, frankly), you should be able to get a consistent experience across all of your devices. Most prominent providers offer desktop and mobile solutions for individual users, and while corporate and school networks may be a bit behind the curve here, they're catching up too. Make sure you don't have to use two different VPNs with two different policies and agreements just because you want to secure your phone along with your laptop.
  • Price: Finally, go into your user agreement with both eyes open. You should read the privacy policy for the service you're interested in, and be very aware of the differences between free and paid services. For example:
    • Free VPN Providers are more likely to log your activities and serve contextual ads while you're connected. They're also more likely to use your usage habits to tailor future ads to you, have fewer exit locations, and weak commitments to privacy. They may offer great features, but if logging and privacy are important to you, you may want to avoid them. However, if you just need quick, painless security while traveling on a budget, they're a great option.
    • Subscription VPN Providers usually take your privacy a bit more seriously, since you're paying for the service. It's unusual for them to show ads, although whether they do logging or store data about your usage varies from company to company. They usually offer free trials so you can give the service a shot first, but remember: just because you're paying for a service doesn't mean you shouldn't do your homework.

A mix of features and price make a good VPN, but plenty of bad VPNs masquerade as good ones. Look for articles written by trustworthy sources that discuss the merits of each service based on its features, versus simple rundowns and user testimonials, which are almost always polluted by a combination of fanatical users and corporate bootstrapping in attempt to get their names out to potential customers.

Which VPNs Are The Best?

When we ran our recent Hive Five on VPN service providers, we heard from VPN providers begging to be included, angry CEOs who claimed their company was maliciously left out, and others accusing some of the contenders of illegal or unethical behavior. We took at look at the poll and the claims, and while there's no definitive proof the poll was gamed, we decided to come up with our own top five, based on our own research rather than reader feedback, that are great whether you're the privacy advocate, the student, or the downloader.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

Private Internet Access

Supports: Windows, OS X, Linux, iOS, Android
Protocols: SSL, PPTP, IPSec, and L2TP. You can also configure Private Internet Access to work on your DD-WRT or Tomato router (via SSL/OpenVPN) for constant security.
Home Country: United States, and has exit servers in the US, Canada, the UK, Switzerland, Romania, and the Netherlands.
Logging Policies: The service keeps no logs of your activity whatsoever (in fact, the only things they do keep are your email address and payment information,) uses shared IPs, and has committed to keeping your data private. Price: Pricing starts at $7/mo to $40/yr, and you can read more about their plans and pricing here.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

proXPN

Supports: Windows, OS X, iOS
Protocols: SSL, PPTP.
Home Country: United States, with exit servers in the US, The Netherlands, Singapore, and the UK.
Logging Policies: proXPN keeps minimal logs of your activity. proXPN collects your email address, payment information (if you're a premium user,) bandwidth usage, connection duration, and login/logout times. They've committed to only keeping those logs for 14 days or less, and promise to never share their logs with anyone, period.
Price: proXPN has a free plan, which limits your transfer speeds to 300kpbs and restricts you to one exit location (Miami) in the United States. Premium accounts unlock support for PPTP (if you want to connect a mobile device or a router,) remove the transfer cap, and allows you to choose from any of the company's other exit locations. Premium plans start at $10/mo, and you can read more about their pricing and plans here.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

TorVPN

Supports: Windows, OS X, Linux, iOS, Android
Protocols: SSL (they often refer to it as OpenVPN), PPTP, and full SSH tunneling.
Home Country: Hungary, with exit servers in Hungary.
Logging Policies: The service doesn't log your connection aside from bandwidth usage to compare against your quota, and your payment details. They also are committed to your privacy, and specifically say they won't surrender their data without a Hungarian court order.
Price: Free TorVPN users are limited to 1GB/mo downloaded before they're cut off, and Premium accounts start at 5 EUR/mo ($7mo) for 5GB/mo and go up to 30 EUR/mo ($38/mo) for 100GB. Keep in mind they have a no-refunds policy, and that even though you ride the Tor network, they're a separate entity from the Tor Project. You can read more about their pricing and plans here.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

TorGuard

Supports: Windows, OS X, Linux, and iOS and Android via built-in VPN
Protocols: SSL (OpenVPN), PPTP, and L2TP, (with 256 bit security)
Home Country: Panama, with exit servers in The Netherlands, Romania, Ukraine and Panama.
Logging Policies: TorGuard wholeheartedly supports privacy, so you can feel a bit more secure that your connection is secure and anonymous. They purge their logs daily, and only keep payment information and registration info. They don't even keep login/logout times.
Price: Depending on whether you're the privacy advocate, the downloader, or a combination of the two, TorGuard offers plans specifically for anonymity (starting at $6/mo), for torrenting (starting at $5/mo), or for overall VPN services ($10/mo). You can read more about TorGuard's pricing and plans here.

Why You Should Start Using a VPN (and How to Choose the Best One for Your Needs)

WiTopia

Supports: Windows, OS X, Linux, iOS, Android, webOS, Chromebooks.
Protocols: SSL, PPTP, IPSec, and L2TP (with 256 bit security)
Home Country: United States, with exit servers in 10 US cities, and countries in Latin and South America, Asia, Australia, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East—way too many to list here.
Logging Policies: WiTopia does not log information that can be attributable to individual users, purges logs weekly, and only saves registration information and payment details when you sign up.
Price: $50/yr to $70/yr depending on the level of encryption and protocols you need. They also sell a VPN router you can take with you when you travel. You can read more about WiTopia's pricing and plans here.

Alternatively, Roll Your Own VPN

We've shown you how to roll your own VPN using Hamachi, and even how to set up Privoxy to secure your web browsing once you have your personal VPN set up. Hamachi isn't the only option: you can also download and configure OpenVPN (a free SSL VPN) on your own home server,, or if you have a router that supports it, enable OpenVPN on your home router so you can connect back to it when you're abroad. Combined with Privoxy, you get the privacy and anonymity benefits of a VPN without spending a dime.

Both of these options put control in your hands, and while they're not quite as anonymous as subscription methods or offer international exit locations, they do give you the the most important benefits of a VPN: security, privacy, and anonymity while you're away from home.


Samara Lynn is Lead Analyst, Networking and Small Business at PCMag.com. You can follow her on Twitter at @samaralynn. She graciously volunteered her expertise for this post, and we thank her.

Title image remixed using konmesa (Shutterstock) and Toria (Shutterstock).

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The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

September 5th, 2012Top Story

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

By Stephen Totilo

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One TimelineThere are at least two timelines on the Internet that put the major Super Mario games in chronological order, as if they happened to one guy named Mario who has been living an extraordinary life.

These timeline don't present Mario as a real man. The people who make these timelines aren't that free-thinking. But the makers of Mario timelines have asked questions that most people have lived their lives without asking, questions like: Does Super Mario Bros. 3 really take place after Super Mario Bros. 2?

A hunch led me to discover the art of Mario-game-timeline-making. For years, extremely hardcore fans of another massive Nintendo series, Zelda, have been trying desperately to put all of the fantasy adventures of Link and Zelda in one, comprehensible order. This was not a necessary act, but a fun one for Nintendo fans awaiting the next game to play. They searched the Zelda games for clues that would indicate which era each game occurred in, which game vaguely referenced another and which seemed like a strange offshoot. For these people, last December was thrilling, because, during that month, it appeared that Nintendo themselves had finally revealed the true timeline that connects everything from The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword to Spirit Tracks in one proper, albeit branching (!) order. (Or not.)

Surely, I figured, someone must have tried the same thing with Mario games.

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

I was right. There are such people, and they're doing such a thing. Or at least they did. They make Mario timelines. Well, they make something more than that. They make timelines that explain how the Mario games connect and why they do. They explain when Mario was born, how he met Yoshi, why Mario was sometimes friends with Donkey Kong yet was sometimes trying to rescue his girlfriend from Donkey Kong (hmm...we've all had "friends" like that?). They explain the lore. But let's just start with the essence of what they do. Let's just check out the possibly-proper order for Mario games.

The Mario Timelines — Take Your Pick

The first timeline I found was created in 2010 by a gamer who calls himself UberMario. His timeline is more than 12,000 words long, but it can be boiled down as follows:

UberMario's Timeline

  1. Yoshi's Island
  2. Yoshi's Island DS
  3. Yoshi's Story
  4. Mario & Luigi Partners in Time
  5. Famicom Grand Prix
  6. Famicom Grand Prix II
  7. Punch-Out
  8. Dr. Mario (sort of... but really happens later; this will be explained below)
  9. Mario's Cement Factory
  10. The SuperMario Bros Super Show
  11. Donkey Kong 3
  12. Donkey Kong
  13. Donkey Kong Circus
  14. Donkey Kong Hockey
  15. Mario Bros.
  16. Mario's Bombs Away
  17. Super Mario Bros.
  18. Super Mario Bros 3
  19. Tetris Attack
  20. Super Mario Bros. 3 Part 2
  21. Super Mario World

That's it. Newer games are not included.

For comparison, here's a Mario timeline from a person who calls themselves LemmyKoopa. With explanations of how and why Mario did what, this timeline is more than 6,000 words. Boiling this one down, we get:

LemmyKoopa's Timeline

  1. Yoshi's Island
  2. Yoshi's Story
  3. Mario & Luigi Partners in Time
  4. Tetris Attack
  5. Wrecking Crew
  6. Donkey Kong
  7. Donkey Kong Jr.
  8. Mario Picross
  9. Mario Teaches Typing
  10. Punchout
  11. Tennis Golf
  12. Mario Bros.
  13. Super Mario Bros 1 and the Lost Levels
  14. Super Mario 64 DS
  15. Super Mario Sunshine
  16. Super Mario Land 2: Six Golden Coins
  17. Mario and Wario
  18. Super Princess Peach
  19. Paper Mario
  20. Mario Vs. Donkey Kong
  21. Super Mario RPG: Land of the Seven Stars
  22. New Super Mario Bros.
  23. Mario's Time Machine
  24. Super Mario Land
  25. Luigi's Mansion
  26. Super Mario Bros. 2
  27. Mario Kart
  28. Mario Golf
  29. Mario Tennis
  30. Paper Mario: The Thousand Year Door
  31. Super Mario Bros. 3
  32. Mario and Luigi: Superstar Saga
  33. Hotel Mario
  34. Super Mario World
  35. Wario's Woods
  36. Yoshi's Safari
  37. Mario is Missing
  38. Mario Party 1-7

Lemmy has a lot more games, but the two timelines line up well. That's because certain parts of Mario timeline-making are painfully obvious. For example: the games in which Mario is a baby (Yoshi's Island, Mario & Luigi Partners in Time, etc.) go early. Games that introduce the Koopa Kids, who the instruction manual of Super Mario Bros. 3 clearly state did not interact with Mario until Super Mario Bros. 3 go later than that game. It's a logic-puzzle, basically. Game X must be later than Game Y because of This Fact. But Game Y is clearly earlier than Game Z, so Game X goes before Game Z.

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

I wanted to talk to UberMario and Lemmy. Lemmy didn't e-mail back; UberMario did. I was glad he did, both because his project fascinated me and because I felt a bit bad for him. Zelda timelines get all the press; Mario ones don't. Worse, I'd seen a Zelda timeline-maker mock UberMario's dream of putting the Mario games in order. It went like this on a Nintendo-themed message board back in April 2010:

... And though I (sort of) debated against it, a Mario Timeline thread was still created...

I foresee much pointless debating.

I think UberMario will get as far as causing numerous discrepancies and then eventually give up. I may sound negative, but I've had many experiences with obscure and improbable theories, in which, of course, that was the outcome.

This is my first and last post here.
—Phantom7, a Zelda timeline-maker

That wasn't Phantom7's last post, of course. UberMario challenged Phantom7 and said he was applying a double-standard. Phantom7 shrugged, apologized for his tone and wished him luck.

"I'm not the type that is easily affected by negative criticism," UberMario recently told me over e-mail, reflecting on that exchange. "I pretty much glanced over comments like that."

UberMario made his timeline because he'd seen the Zelda people making theirs. No one had made a good Mario one. He thought they violated too much of Mario's canon. He would not. He wanted to be true to the games.

Putting The Games In Order

UberMario started with Yoshi's Island. There was no other good option. (Well, maybe there was one... but hold on a minute.) "In Yoshi's Island, a stork is carrying the Baby Mario brothers to their parents," UberMario told me, "so it made the most sense to me to start with the game that portrays Mario's 'first' adventure."

Most of the Yoshi games fit together well, as did the time travel game, Partners in Time, but then UberMario had to get Mario to Brooklyn.

Yes, he had to get him to Brooklyn.

"It's a nod to the Super Mario Bros. Super Show," UberMario said. "The Mario Bros. were also mentioned to grow up in Brooklyn in several official manuals and player guides from the 1980s and 1990s, including SimCity's and Super Mario 64's."

The Brooklyn thing fit, and that helped justify the industrial, earthly setting of Donkey Kong. That game introduced Mario to the world as a little guy called "Jumpman" who had to climb ladders and walk across steel girders to save his girlfriend Pauline from the dastardly Donkey Kong. UberMario needed to work in Donkey Kong 3 which seemed to fit into this phase of Donkey Kong being a jerk, though it featured a different protagonist, Stanley the Bugman. Actually, the Stanley adventure seemed to fit better before Mario saved Pauline: the order would begin with an angry Donkey Kong (DK3), then a more angry Donkey Kong (DK) and then... this is where it got tricky.

UberMario wanted to include a batch of obscure Mario games from Nintendo's old, early-80's Game & Watch system. Those games featured both Mario and Donkey Kong, and one way of looking at them might let you infer that, in those games, Mario and the big ape were buddies. UberMario took a different approach: he decided that Mario had become the jerk. Donkey Kong had kidnapped Mario's girlfriend. Mario had saved her, but the guy was ticked off. So he was going to be something of a bad guy to Donkey Kong now. This was a useful epiphany because it explained how Mario went from rescuing Pauline to, basically, never seeing her again. She wasn't in the later, post-Brooklyn games that had Mario gallivanting through the Mushroom Kingdom. Mario had moved on in those games. He was trying to save the life of a different lovely woman.

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

This is how UberMario wrote it up, connecting Donkey Kong to Donkey Kong Circus (pictured above) and Donkey Kong Hockey before getting Pauline out of the picture to clear the decks for the Princess-Peach-rescuing efforts of the Super Mario Bros. games:

Mario was extremely ticked. He had a giant ape in tow who had attacked his girlfriend, and he had wasted several days getting him back near New York City. Before entering the limits though, he glared at Donkey Kong with a fiery look and smirked, and pulled him over to a nearby circus, where he got a job to whip the ape into doing humiliating tricks like playing hockey or juggling on a ball. Mario had told Pauline to come see the show, but when she came she was appalled at how much Mario had changed, feeling he had become cruel and almost evil, and that she felt that he wasn't the man she fell in love with.

Mario was shocked with disbelief on how Pauline could not love what he was doing—punishing the animal who had attacked her—and was even more flabbergasted when she said their relationship was through. Mario then looked at Donkey Kong and wondered what had gone wrong with his life, and after pondering for a few days, decided to quit the circus so he could take care of Donkey Kong and eventually set him free. Donkey Kong was still bitter towards humans, but the change of heart from his captor in the months before his freedom resulted in him having a slight form of respect towards people, if not that much.

The Super Mario games came after that, and more or less add up to a succession of attempts by Bowser to kidnap Peach. Tetris Attack gets shoehorned in there because, despite its Tetris-y name, it features Mario's dinosaur buddy Yoshi and a storyline that actually fits well amid the other catastrophes of the Super Mario Bros. era.

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

After UberMario started posting this timeline, he got some pushback regarding where he placed Donkey Kong. There's a bit of debate about whether the Donkey Kong in Donkey Kong is the one who has been in so many other games since then or if he's actually the father of the one we've seen in the likes of Mario vs Donkey Kong, Mario Tennis, Mario Kart and other games. That's why some people think Donkey Kong should go first, before he gets old and cranky and, according to Donkey Kong Country becomes Cranky Kong, father (or whatever) to the spry Donkey Kong we've seen in other games. UberMario buys the Cranky-was-the-first-Donkey-Kong theory and thinks his placement works.

The Games That Don't Fit

One of the reasons it might seem preposterous to put Mario games in a timeline is because Mario games don't have much more of a storyline than Mario rescuing the princess in some weird land that has giant mushrooms and mean turtles. Another reason is that many other Mario games have even less story than that.

If you're making a Mario tmeline, where do you put Mario's tennis games? And his kart-racing games? Did Mario really have time to become a doctor, referee Mike Tyson's Punch-Out and teach typing? The Mario timeline-makers don't shrink from questions like these. What they do is tend to bundle a lot of that together in a phase of Mario's life when they say he was dabbling with various careers. Dr. Mario, however, can't fit there, so they assume that Mario may have learned medicine then but didn't practice it until later.

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

Here's LemmyKoopa, the other Mario timeline-maker whose work I looked at, wrestling with where to place Dr. Mario based on feedback from a reader, who he calls a "tourist":

It has been brought to my attention by an attentive tourist that, according to the Dr. Mario manual, Mario was alerted to the Virus problem by "Nurse Toadstool", seemingly moving the game out of the Employment Era and into the Mushroom Kingdom Era. While the manual is less important than the game itself, the game doesn't have anything to contradict this claim, so I'll accept the evidence. Other good evidence is that the Viruses in Superstar Saga look an awful lot like the ones in Dr. Mario, suggesting that the ones in the game are a Plit strain that may or may not exist on Earth. The reason I have not moved Dr. Mario on the timeline is twofold. First, I still believe that Mario originally took up medicine while on Earth, even though this is not apparently what's shown in the Dr. Mario series. Second, the Dr. Mario games don't really offer any clues for where they might go in the timeline. There are very few characters, and given the nature of the game, it's hard to argue that any character was purposefully excluded. (For example, this could be after the Mario-Luigi reconciliation, even though Luigi isn't in it, because maybe Luigi never became a doctor because he wasn't job-hunting back on Earth.) In addition to that, Dr. Mario is less an adventure than, say, Mario 3, which surely took several days or longer for the real Mario to complete. The events of Dr. Mario aren't necessarily connected, and might have taken place in some string of afternoons or whatever that would be hard to trace.

It is, therefore, my opinion that Mario originally practiced medicine on Earth, but that the events pictured in Dr. Mario and its spinoffs happened in the Mushroom Kingdom. The jury is still out on when the games might actually have happened, and in this case, I'm not even sure the question makes sense except to offer a timespan that might coincide with other games. So I will leave Dr. Mario in with the Employment Era, since that's where the ball got started rolling, until such time as I have a better idea of where to put it.

UberMario agrees that Dr. Mario needs to be placed somewhat late in the timeline. Mario learns medicine early, but Dr. Mario and Dr. Mario 64 just can't have happened during that odd-job part of Mario's life.

Dr. Mario can be wedged in, but other games just flat-out don't fit. Super Mario Galaxy, for example, is essentially remade by Super Mario Galaxy 2, according to UberMario, who says the two games have the same plot are the only two that he couldn't put in the same timeline. "SMG2 was pretty much an entire rescripting of Super Mario Galaxy's plot with new levels and new concepts. (The biggest offender is the fact that the Star Festival only happens once every 100 years, yet is the introductory premise for both games,) I've played many of the Mario titles, including less common ones like Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix, Super Mario RPG and the Game & Watch Gallery games, but haven't seen any other issues that can't be circumvented with creativity."

The Extraordinary Quest to Put All the Super Mario Games On One Timeline

LemmyKoopa, whose timeline includes many more games, dedicates a couple of sections to games he says won't fit. This section comes after his section on the Mario Party games which he rationalizes as occurring after Bowser gave up on capturing Princess Peach and downgraded his threat level to just being the guy who tries to ruin Mario's parties. He leaves out several Wario games, since he sees them branching off into their own thing. Several games are remakes—ports to other machines, actually—and don't need to fit. And the Smash Bros. fighting games that star Mario, Bowser, Zelda, Link and just about every other major Nintendo character?

Here's LemmyKoopa justifying the exclusion of the Smash Bros. games from his timeline. I should stress that he writes in the voice of a character from the Mario universe:

First, the Smash storyline has nothing whatsoever to do with the Mario storyline. Second, Mario is no more important than any other character in this game. Third, if these games really happened, it would throw the whole Mario Universe into chaos. I mean, in Melee, Bowser can beat Mario just as easily as the opposite. Peach can beat Bowser! Mario can beat Peach! Yeah, Mario and Peach beat each other up all the time. Right.

Short and simple, it is very unlikely that these two games actually happened. Mario 3 happened, Smash Bros. did not. Or if they did happen, it was in some kind of time rip that can't be tracked for purposes of this timeline. Therefore, even if these were true Mario games they would not be entitled to a spot on the timeline. The timeline is for stuff that happened, you see.

No Smash? Fine. But the game that seemed most conspicuously-absent, just from UberMario's timeline, was Super Mario Bros. 2. I thought this was maybe based on the game having non-Mario roots. Not really. UberMario told me he skipped it by accident, but—as always—there was a wrinkle. "Since Super Mario Bros 2 was just a long, strange dream by Mario. I feel that it really has no strict placement and could be pretty much inserted anywhere."

***

UberMario hasn't touched his timeline in a couple of years. LemmyKoopa's is missing some of the newer games as well. The website Something Awful had a run at making one, goofily picking Mario's age for his various exploits.

While people feverishly work on Zelda timelines, though, there is no ongoing major Mario timeline movement.

"I'll revive it if people are still interested," UberMario told me. "I had originally stopped partially because I felt that my last few chapters had not garnered that much interest, and partially because I thought that it would look better in comic format. Ideally, I'd love to find someone who would be interested in making a webcomic with me (since I'm terrible at drawing, especially on a computer), but if not and people are interested, I might continue it."

The Mario games don't beg for an official timeline the way the Zelda games do. But where there are fans and there is an Internet, this is the kind of thing some people will try. If not right now, they'll certainly get to it in the future. After all, someone needs to figure out where New Super Mario Bros. 2 fits into all of this.

Images, from top: Official Super Mario wallpaper, Super Mario 64, Yoshi's Island, Donkey Kong Circus, Super Mario Bros. 3, Dr Mario and Super Smash Bros. Brawl

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The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!

September 5th, 2012Top Story

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!

By Charlie Jane Anders

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!September's science fiction and fantasy novels are packed with excitement and cool new ideas. Learn how to survive the slow apocalypse and how to prepare for the Singularity! There's space opera, cosmic action, and dark, dirty fantasy.

Here are all the most exhilarating science fiction and fantasy novels coming out this month.

Top image: Detail of cover art of The Moon Maze Game by Matt Stawicki.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Adaptation by Malinda Lo (Little, Brown)
This brand new young-adult novel from the author of Ash features a series of events worthy of The X-Files. Birds start flinging themselves at airplanes, causing a dozen planes to crash. Soon, all planes are grounded and the government is on high alert. But after Reese and her friend David have a car crash caused by the same bird nightmares, they wake up a month later with no memory of anything in between... and Reese isn't the same person she used to be. There's a huge government conspiracy spanning decades, a mysterious presence following Reese, and a giant police crackdown. Could this be your new paranoid crack?

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Midst Toil and Tribulation (Safehold) by David Weber (Tor Books)
This is the sixth book in David Weber's ongoing Safehold saga, in which the last surviving humans hide out on the distant planet Safehold from the aliens known as the Gbaba, who have wiped out almost all the other humans. But the survivors have been brainwashed into belonging to a new religion, which forbids scientific and technological progress. Only the Empire of Charis holds out against the church's hegemony. And in this latest novel, the Church of God Awaiting sets out to destroy the free republic of Siddarmark. Read some snippets here.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Forge of Darkness by Steven Erikson (Tor Books)
This is the first book in a new trilogy, set thousands of years before Erikson's acclaimed Malazan Book of the Fallen series. This time around, we discover the realm of Kurald Galain, the "warren of Darkness," whose fate will play a crucial role in shaping the world of the Malazan empire. In this first novel the hero of the commoners, Vatha Urusander, is being encouraged to seek the hand of Mother Dark in marriage, but her consort, Lord Draconus, stands in his way. Their clash could lead to a civil war, which in turn could raise an ancient power from the long-dead oceans. Read the first five chapters here.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Clean: A Mindspace Investigations Novel by Alex Hughes (Roc)
It's another future dystopia, which people are comparing to the world of Gibson's Neuromancer. The main character is a telepath who used to work for the Telepath's Guild, until they threw him out for a nasty drug habit. Now he works for the cops, using his formidable mind-reading powers to catch murderers. But ever since the Telepath's Guild took extreme measures to save the world from the Tech Wars, nobody else trusts telepaths — and this investigator is in over his head, with a serial killer on the loose and a precognitive vision that he's the next victim.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Dodger by Terry Pratchett (HarperCollins)
The Discworld author pays homage to Dickens in this Victorian novel for kids — Dodger, based on the Artful Dodger, is a scamp in London, who saves a young noblewoman who's fleeing an abusive husband. Soon, they're both on the run from an international assassin, and running into Victorian characters including Benjamin Disraeli, Sweeney Todd, and Charles Dickens himself. Sounds frightfully demented.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!At the Edge of Waking by Holly Phillips (Prime Books)
The debut collection by this Canadian author won the Sunburst Award and was nominated for the World Fantasy Award — now she's back, with 11 new stories, one of which has never appeared anywhere. These stories have mostly appeared in print anthologies and Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, and they portray "human reaction to dire change or extreme circumstance, combining the real intruded upon by the fantastic or the fantastic grounded in reality." Talking about "Gin," one of the stories in this collection, editor Jonathan Strahan said, "I think I remember every detail of it. It just knocked my socks off."

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!The Rapture of the Nerds by Cory Doctorow and Charles Stross (Tor Books)
Stross and Doctorow put together a version of life after the Singularity that's notably different than anything either of them has written before. The book is made up of three linked novellas: the previously published "Jury Service," about a curmudgeonly luddite environmentalist named Huw, who is summoned to Libya to serve on a jury passing judgment on a weird downloaded item that's arrived from the "transcended cloud." And its sequel "Appeals Court," which you can read here. And finally, a third novella, which features the uploaded ghost of Ayn Rand, among other things.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Blackwood by Gwenda Bond (Strange Chemistry)
This debut novel gives a brand new spin on the oft-explored story of Roanoke, where a group of colonists disappeared under mysterious circumstances. As Bond explains over on John Scalzi's blog, "on a modern day Roanoke Island where the Lost Colony is an interesting story for the tourists, history turned into popular outdoor summer theater, there's a new mass disappearance overnight of 114 people, the exact same number as vanished hundreds of years ago. Two local 17-year-olds-Miranda Blackwood, an outsider from the island's most infamous family, and Phillips Rawling, a teen criminal who hears the voices of the dead-begin to discover they may have ties to both disappearances, then and now, and must unravel the secrets of the new Lost Colony to save the missing people and themselves."

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!The Dirty Streets of Heaven by Tad Williams (DAW)
We've had plenty of urban fantasy novels about Hell and demons, but now Tad Williams brings us a dark, gritty novel about Heaven instead. Bobby Dollar is an angel who advocates for souls who are stuck between Heaven and Hell, but he doesn't entirely trust his fellow angels to do the right thing. And he's not exactly, well, an angel himself. When newly departed souls start disappearing with no explanation, it catches both Heaven and Hell off guard, and could be a sign of the actual Apocalypse. Read excerpts here and here.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!The Brides of Rollrock Island by Margo Lanagan (Knopf)
We've already written about this book as part of the vanguard of a new trend towards mermaid novels. This book earned raves when it came out in the U.K. earlier this year, and now it's finally coming to the States. Once one man in a small fishing village succeeds in marrying a beautiful, obedient selkie from the ocean, every other man wants one as well — creating a booming business for the witch who tames them. Too bad for the human women who are spurned as a result. Soon enough, the men and their selkie wives are having half-human children. What happens when all the men marry sea creatures?

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!The Moon Maze Game by Larry Niven and Steven Barnes (Tor)
The month's other big collaboration probably doesn't feature the ghost of Ayn Rand. But it does feature LARPers on the Moon. LARPers on the Moon! Seriously. In a nutshell, it's the year 2085, and humanity is living all over the solar system — and a lunar colony is seeking independence. When the young heir to a small African country, Ali Kikaya, visits the Moon for a Live Action Role Playing event, a man who grew up on the Moon comes along as a bodyguard. But soon enough, terrorists target Ali — and how do you tell the terrorists from the LARPers? This is basically one of those "a game becomes real" novels. We talked to Barnes about it, way back in 2009. Oh, did we mention LARPers on the Moon?

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!The Diviners by Libba Bray (Little, Brown)
We heard people buzzing about this book at Worldcon — it's set in the 1920s, where Evie O'Neill comes to New York to live with her crazy uncle and tend the Museum of the Creepy Crawlies. There's a rash of occult murders committed by a scary serial killer, a bizarre cult, and some intense stuff — good thing Evie has supernatural powers of her own. Plus we meet Memphis Campbell, a runner for the King of Harlem, and his white girlfriend Theta. Tons of stories intersect against the backdrop of Prohibition and the Jazz Age, for a flapper-tinged version of Buffy.

The Most Thrilling Science Fiction and Fantasy Books Coming in September!Slow Apocalypse by John Varley (Ace)
What if all the oil was just gone? It's a particularly provocative take on the apocalypse — and possibly, an especially relevant one, if the Peak Oil theorists are correct. A scientist named Eddie Parker develops bacteria to clean up oil spills, and then works on a method for increasing oil production by boosting the pressure — but Eddie has a secret agenda, to punish Saudi Arabia for 9/11 by getting rid of all the Saudi oil. Unfortunately, Eddie's plan works too well, and soon all the oil in the world is becoming a thing of the past. Screenwriter Dave Marshall, in Los Angeles, discovers that his disaster-movie script is coming true — and he has to find a way to safeguard his family. As Varley says, this is way different than anything he's written before. Read an excerpt here.

Sources: Locus, SF Signal, Amazon.com.

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