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Sunday, September 28, 2014

ScienceDaily: Most Popular News

ScienceDaily: Most Popular News


Efficiently harvesting hydrogen fuel from Sun using Earth-abundant materials

Posted: 25 Sep 2014 11:12 AM PDT

Scientists have a new efficient way of producing hydrogen fuel from sunlight and water. By combining a pair of solar cells made with a mineral called perovskite and low cost electrodes, scientists have obtained a 12.3 percent conversion efficiency from solar energy to hydrogen, a record using Earth-abundant materials as opposed to rare metals.

How physical exercise protects the brain from stress-induced depression

Posted: 25 Sep 2014 10:13 AM PDT

Physical exercise has many beneficial effects on human health, including the protection from stress-induced depression. However, until now the mechanisms that mediate this protective effect have been unknown. In a new study in mice, researchers show that exercise training induces changes in skeletal muscle that can purge the blood of a substance that accumulates during stress, and is harmful to the brain.

Dinosaur family tree gives fresh insight into rapid rise of birds

Posted: 25 Sep 2014 10:05 AM PDT

The study shows that the familiar anatomical features of birds – such as feathers, wings and wishbones – all first evolved piecemeal in their dinosaur ancestors over tens of millions of years. However, once a fully functioning bird body shape was complete, an evolutionary explosion began, causing a rapid increase in the rate at which birds evolved. This led eventually to the thousands of avian species that we know today.

A galaxy of deception: Hubble snaps what looks like a young galaxy in the local Universe

Posted: 25 Sep 2014 07:21 AM PDT

Astronomers usually have to peer very far into the distance to see back in time, and view the Universe as it was when it was young. This new image of galaxy DDO 68, otherwise known as UGC 5340, was thought to offer an exception. This ragged collection of stars and gas clouds looks at first glance like a recently-formed galaxy in our own cosmic neighborhood. But, is it really as young as it looks?

False memories could be a side-effect of human ability to learn rules

Posted: 24 Sep 2014 08:30 AM PDT

Our tendency to create false memories could be related to our ability to learn rules according to new research. New research suggests that individuals who are particularly good at learning rules and classifying objects by common properties are also particularly prone to false memory illusions.

'Plasma bubbles' may have aided enemy in fatal Afghan battle

Posted: 23 Sep 2014 08:18 AM PDT

Plasma bubbles may have contributed to communications outages during the 2002 battle of Takur Ghar in Afghanistan. A new model could help predict the impact of such bubbles on future military operations.

Search for better biofuels microbes leads to human gut

Posted: 23 Sep 2014 08:07 AM PDT

Scientists have scoured cow rumens and termite guts for microbes that can efficiently break down plant cell walls for the production of next-generation biofuels, but some of the best microbial candidates actually may reside in the human lower intestine, researchers report.

Video blinds us to the evidence, study finds

Posted: 23 Sep 2014 06:02 AM PDT

Where people look when watching video evidence varies wildly and has profound consequences for bias in legal punishment decisions, a team of researchers at two Law Schools has found.

Best exercise for obese youths analyzed

Posted: 22 Sep 2014 03:00 PM PDT

What exercise program can best fight the 'epidemic' of teen obesity? According to a study, by combining aerobic exercise with resistance training. "Obesity is an epidemic among youth," says one author. "Adolescents who are overweight are typically advised to exercise more, but there is limited evidence on what type of exercise is best in order to lose fat."

Finding hints of gravitational waves in the stars

Posted: 22 Sep 2014 06:12 AM PDT

Scientists have shown how gravitational waves -- invisible ripples in the fabric of space and time that propagate through the universe -- might be 'seen' by looking at the stars. The new model proposes that a star that oscillates at the same frequency as a gravitational wave will absorb energy from that wave and brighten, an overlooked prediction of Einstein's 1916 theory of general relativity. The study contradicts previous assumptions about the behavior of gravitational waves.

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