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Friday, August 29, 2014

ScienceDaily: Top Health News

ScienceDaily: Top Health News


Up to 3,000 times the bacterial growth on hollow-head toothbrushes

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 08:52 AM PDT

Solid-head power toothbrushes retain less bacteria compared to hollow-head toothbrushes, according to new research.

Neuroscientists watch imagination happening in the brain

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 08:09 AM PDT

By showing people their own photos during MRI sessions, neuroscientists distinguished between brain activity that is specific to memory and activity that is specific to imagination.

Synthesis produces new fungus-derived antibiotic

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 08:09 AM PDT

A fortuitous collaboration has led to the total synthesis of a recently discovered natural antibiotic. The laboratory recreation of a fungus-derived antibiotic, viridicatumtoxin B, may someday help bolster the fight against bacteria that evolve resistance to treatments in hospitals and clinics around the world.

Indoor mold poses health risk to asthma sufferers

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 08:09 AM PDT

By critically reviewing the findings from 17 studies in eight different countries, the research has found that the presence of several types of mould can lead to breathing problems in asthma sufferers, as well as increasing the likelihood of developing the condition.

Avatars make the Internet sign to deaf people

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 06:12 AM PDT

It is challenging for deaf people to learn a sound-based language, since they are physically not able to hear those sounds. Hence, most of them struggle with written language as well as with text reading and comprehension. Therefore, most website content remains inaccessible for them. Computer scientists want to change the situation by means of a method they developed: animated online characters display content in sign language. In the long term, deaf people would be able to use the technique to communicate on online platforms via sign language.

Readers with dyslexia have disrupted network connections in the brain, map the circuitry of dyslexia shows

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 06:12 AM PDT

Dyslexia, the most commonly diagnosed learning disability in the United States, is a neurological reading disability that occurs when the regions of the brain that process written language don't function normally. The use of non-invasive functional neuroimaging tools has helped characterize how brain activity is disrupted in dyslexia. However, most prior work has focused on only a small number of brain regions, leaving a gap in our understanding of how multiple brain regions communicate with one another through networks, called functional connectivity, in persons with dyslexia. Scientists have now conducted a whole-brain functional connectivity analysis of dyslexia using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

From nose to knee: Engineered cartilage regenerates joints

Posted: 28 Aug 2014 06:02 AM PDT

Human articular cartilage defects can be treated with nasal septum cells. Researchers now report that cells taken from the nasal septum are able to adapt to the environment of the knee joint and can thus repair articular cartilage defects. The nasal cartilage cells' ability to self-renew and adapt to the joint environment is associated with the expression of so-called HOX genes.

Evolution used similar molecular toolkits to shape flies, worms, and humans

Posted: 27 Aug 2014 10:16 AM PDT

Although separated by hundreds of millions of years of evolution, flies, worms, and humans share ancient patterns of gene expression, according to a massive analysis of genomic data. Two related studies tell a similar story: even though humans, worms, and flies bear little obvious similarity to each other, evolution used remarkably similar molecular toolkits to shape them.

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