ScienceDaily: Top Health News

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• Reversal of type 1 diabetes in mice may eventually help humans
• Canola oil may be an oil of choice for people with type 2 diabetes
• Improving diet quality reduces risk for type 2 diabetes
• Fasting reduces cholesterol levels in prediabetic people over extended period of time, new research finds
• Text messages helpful in controlling diabetes
• Gender differences in obesity-related mortality revealed
• Nurses play critical role in responding to global resurgence of pertussis
• Scientists find trigger to decode the genome
• Racism in healthcare linked to poor mental health
• Fungal protein found to cross blood-brain barrier
• 12 minutes of exercise improves attention, reading comprehension in low-income adolescents
• Proliferation cues 'natural killer' cells for job change
• Antibodies from desert as guides to diseased cells
• Ipilimumab in advanced melanoma: no added benefit?
• New obesity drug closer than ever
• Weight loss critical to reduce burden of cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea

Reversal of type 1 diabetes in mice may eventually help humans Posted: 14 Jun 2014 04:26 PM PDT Investigators have found a therapy that reverses new onset type 1 diabetes in mouse models and may advance efforts in combating the disease among humans. There is no cure for Type 1 diabetes though it can be controlled with insulin therapy. Symptoms of the disease include frequent urination, excessive thirst and weight loss even though you are eating more.

Canola oil may be an oil of choice for people with type 2 diabetes Posted: 14 Jun 2014 12:03 PM PDT New research suggests canola oil may be one of the oils of choice for people with Type 2 diabetes. Researchers compared people with Type 2 diabetes who ate either a low glycemic index diet that included bread made with canola oil, or a whole wheat diet known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. The research found that those on the canola bread diet experienced both a reduction in blood glucose levels and a significant reduction in LDL, or "bad," cholesterol.

Improving diet quality reduces risk for type 2 diabetes Posted: 14 Jun 2014 12:03 PM PDT Improving the overall quality of one's diet helps to prevent type 2 diabetes, independent of other lifestyle changes, according to a new study. The study found that those who improved their diet quality index scores by 10 percent over four years -- by eating more whole grains, fruits and vegetables, and less sweetened beverages and saturated fats, for example -- reduced their risk for type 2 diabetes by about 20 percent, compared to those who made no changes to their diets.

Fasting reduces cholesterol levels in prediabetic people over extended period of time, new research finds Posted: 14 Jun 2014 12:01 PM PDT For prediabetics, many interventions focus on lifestyle changes and weight loss, but new research on periodic fasting has identified a biological process in the body that converts bad cholesterol in fat cells to energy, thus combating diabetes risk factors.

Text messages helpful in controlling diabetes Posted: 13 Jun 2014 07:51 PM PDT A text message-based self-management intervention improves glycemic control in high risk Latinos with type 2 diabetes, a study shows. The messages in the study focused on healthy nutrition tips, the benefits of physical activity and medication adherence, and requests to check blood sugar and send back results. Two to three messages were sent each day at the beginning of study enrollment, and the frequency tapered off over a six-month period.

Gender differences in obesity-related mortality revealed Posted: 13 Jun 2014 07:51 PM PDT Obesity, which affects more than one-third of Americans, is a chronic disease that can shorten one's life span, but new findings show that its effect on mortality has reduced in recent years among many groups, particularly women. "One of the possibilities our findings suggest, but do not prove, is that advances in medicine, screening procedures and interventions may have reduced the excess mortality associated with Grade 1 obesity; there are yet other explanations, as well," said one researcher.

Nurses play critical role in responding to global resurgence of pertussis Posted: 13 Jun 2014 10:04 AM PDT Pertussis (whooping cough) is on the increase in the United States and around the world -— and nurses play an essential role in educating parents and patients about the safety and effectiveness of pertussis vaccination, according to a new paper. Caused by infection with Bordetella pertussis bacteria, pertussis has been increasing in recent years. Worldwide, there are an estimated 50 million cases of pertussis and 300,000 deaths. Pertussis is a major cause of death in infants worldwide.

Scientists find trigger to decode the genome Posted: 12 Jun 2014 09:13 AM PDT An important trigger that dictates how cells change their identity and gain specialized functions has been decoded by scientists. The scientists have found out how embryonic stem cell fate is controlled which will lead to future research into how cells can be artificially manipulated. "We believe that our research will help to make regenerative medicine more effective and reliable because we'll be able to gain control and manipulate cells -- thus our understanding of the regulatory events within a cell shed light on how to decode the genome," concluded the lead author.

Racism in healthcare linked to poor mental health Posted: 12 Jun 2014 07:49 AM PDT Experiencing racism in health settings may have a stronger negative influence on the mental health of Aboriginal Australians than experiencing racism anywhere else, a survey has found. Racism in health settings may discourage patients to seek access to health services and other resources that protect and promote health.

Fungal protein found to cross blood-brain barrier Posted: 12 Jun 2014 07:49 AM PDT In a remarkable series of experiments on a fungus that causes cryptococcal meningitis, a deadly infection of the membranes that cover the spinal cord and brain, investigators have isolated a protein that appears to be responsible for the fungus' ability to cross from the bloodstream into the brain.

12 minutes of exercise improves attention, reading comprehension in low-income adolescents Posted: 12 Jun 2014 07:49 AM PDT 12 minutes of exercise can improve attention and reading comprehension in low-income adolescents, suggesting that schools serving low-income populations should work brief bouts of exercise into their daily schedules.

Proliferation cues 'natural killer' cells for job change Posted: 12 Jun 2014 06:52 AM PDT Why would already abundant 'natural killer' cells proliferate even further after subduing an infection? It's been a biological mystery for 30 years. But now scientists have an answer: After proliferation, the cells switch from marshaling the immune response to calming it down. The findings illuminate the functions of a critical immune system cell important for early defense against disease induced by viral infection.

Antibodies from desert as guides to diseased cells Posted: 12 Jun 2014 06:52 AM PDT Nanoparticles are considered a promising approach in detecting and fighting tumor cells. The method has, however, often failed because the human immune system recognizes and rejects them before they can fulfill their function. Researchers have developed nanoparticles that bypass the body's defense system and find the diseased cells. This procedure uses fragments from an antibody that only occurs in camels and llamas.

Ipilimumab in advanced melanoma: no added benefit? Posted: 12 Jun 2014 06:51 AM PDT Two addenda did not change the result of the dossier assessment examining the effects of Ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. The results on which the drug manufacturer based its conclusions have methodological problems and are not informative.

New obesity drug closer than ever Posted: 12 Jun 2014 06:51 AM PDT Obesity and diabetes are among the fastest growing health problems in the world, and the hunt is in for a pill that can fight the problem. Now a research team has come up with a smart tool that will speed up the scientific hunting process, and we may be one step closer to a pill against obesity.

Weight loss critical to reduce burden of cardiovascular risk factors in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea Posted: 12 Jun 2014 05:50 AM PDT Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) tend to co-exist and are associated with a variety of cardiovascular risk factors, including inflammation, insulin resistance, abnormal cholesterol, and high blood pressure. While effective therapies are available for OSA, researchers are still unclear about what interventions are most effective in reducing the burden of risk factors for cardiovascular disease associated with OSA in obese patients.

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