ScienceDaily: Top News

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• New study highlights key role soil structure plays in water uptake by crops
• Global study reveals gender-based violence vastly underreported
• Long-term use of common heartburn and ulcer medications linked to vitamin B12 deficiency
• We're not likely to get fried bygamma ray burst
• New compound dramatically reduces joint inflammation
• Story of how a severed arm was reattached
• NASA's Juno Spacecraft Hears Amateur Radio Operators Say 'Hi': Message was first-of-its-kind for an interplanetary spacecraft
• RAVAN to help solve an earth science mystery
• You are what your father eats: Father's diet before conception plays crucial role in offspring's health, study suggests
• Landsat 8 helps unveil the coldest place on Earth
• Increased attention needed for cancer risk from silica
• Astronomers solve temperature mystery of planetary atmospheres
• Europe's rarest orchid rediscovered on 'lost world' volcano in the Azores
• Music brings memories back to the injured brain
• Decoding viral puzzles
• Recipe for a Universe: Apply heat and stir
• Call for action on cutting sugar
• 35 year study finds exercise reduces risk of dementia
• Study suggests overdiagnosis in screening for lung cancer with low-dose CT
• Cardiovascular complications, hypoglycemia common in older patients with diabetes
• Ultrasound microscopy: Aid for surgeons to make the invisible, visible
• Marketing loans for fertility treatments raises ethical concerns
• Study shows exercise improves depression in Parkinson's patients
• Penicillin equally effective as 'big gun' antibiotics for treating childhood pneumonia
• From common colds to deadly lung diseases, one protein plays key role

New study highlights key role soil structure plays in water uptake by crops Posted: 10 Dec 2013 04:31 PM PST The increased global consumption of food means that there is an increasing yield gap between crop production and crop usage. To help tackle this issue, a team of scientists has used advanced mathematical modelling techniques to understand the precise role soil structure plays in water uptake.

Global study reveals gender-based violence vastly underreported Posted: 10 Dec 2013 02:24 PM PST Findings from a new global study suggest that estimates of gender-based violence prevalence based on health systems data or on police reports may underestimate the actual total prevalence by 11- to 128-fold.

Long-term use of common heartburn and ulcer medications linked to vitamin B12 deficiency Posted: 10 Dec 2013 01:36 PM PST Long-term use of commonly prescribed heartburn and ulcer medications is linked to a higher risk of vitamin B12 deficiency, according to a new study.

We're not likely to get fried bygamma ray burst Posted: 10 Dec 2013 12:25 PM PST If recent news that researchers observed the largest gamma ray burst ever has you nervous about getting blasted into extinction, the researchers themselves say chances of that are exceedingly rare.

New compound dramatically reduces joint inflammation Posted: 10 Dec 2013 12:25 PM PST An experimental compound is capable of significantly reducing joint inflammation in animal models of rheumatoid arthritis.

Story of how a severed arm was reattached Posted: 10 Dec 2013 12:25 PM PST Strangers often stop to ask Bob Seeman why he wears a padded glove on his left hand. So he hands out a card with a link to a YouTube video, which tells the extraordinary story of how Seeman's left arm was reattached after it was nearly completely severed in a tow truck accident.

NASA's Juno Spacecraft Hears Amateur Radio Operators Say 'Hi': Message was first-of-its-kind for an interplanetary spacecraft Posted: 10 Dec 2013 12:25 PM PST In a first-of-its-kind activity for an interplanetary spacecraft, thousands of amateur (ham) radio operators around the world were able to say "Hi" to NASA's Juno spacecraft Oct. 9 as it swung past Earth on its way to Jupiter.

RAVAN to help solve an earth science mystery Posted: 10 Dec 2013 08:33 AM PST The Radiometer Assessment using Vertically Aligned Nanotubes (RAVAN) satellite, scheduled for launch in 2015, will demonstrate how accurate and wide-ranging measurements of Earth's outgoing radiation can be made with a remarkably small instrument.

You are what your father eats: Father's diet before conception plays crucial role in offspring's health, study suggests Posted: 10 Dec 2013 08:33 AM PST Mothers get all the attention. But a study suggests that the father's diet before conception may play an equally important role in the health of their offspring. It also raises concerns about the long-term effects of current Western diets and of food insecurity.

Landsat 8 helps unveil the coldest place on Earth Posted: 10 Dec 2013 08:10 AM PST Scientists recently recorded the lowest temperatures on Earth at a desolate and remote ice plateau in East Antarctica, trumping a record set in 1983 and uncovering a new puzzle about the ice-covered continent.

Increased attention needed for cancer risk from silica Posted: 10 Dec 2013 07:20 AM PST A new review highlights new developments in understanding the health effects of silica, and calls for action to reduce illness and death from silica exposure at work.

Astronomers solve temperature mystery of planetary atmospheres Posted: 10 Dec 2013 06:11 AM PST An atmospheric peculiarity the Earth shares with Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune is likely common to billions of planets, astronomers have found, and knowing that may help in the search for potentially habitable worlds.

Europe's rarest orchid rediscovered on 'lost world' volcano in the Azores Posted: 10 Dec 2013 04:21 AM PST Researchers studying speciation of butterfly orchids on the Azores have been startled to discover that the answer to a long-debated question "Do the islands support one species or two species?" is actually "three species". Hochstetter's Butterfly-orchid, newly recognized following application of a battery of scientific techniques and reveling in a complex taxonomic history worthy of Sherlock Holmes, is arguably Europe's rarest orchid species. Under threat in its mountain-top retreat, the orchid urgently requires conservation recognition.

Music brings memories back to the injured brain Posted: 10 Dec 2013 04:20 AM PST In the first study of its kind, two researchers have used popular music to help severely brain-injured patients recall personal memories.

Decoding viral puzzles Posted: 10 Dec 2013 04:19 AM PST The genome of viruses is usually enclosed inside a shell called capsid. Capsids have unique mechanic properties: they have to be resistant and at the same time capable of dissolving in order to release the genome into the infected cell. Scientists have coordinated a study on the mechanic properties of viruses that have improved their understanding, so much that they were able to make conjectures on the behavior of still little-known viruses.

Recipe for a Universe: Apply heat and stir Posted: 10 Dec 2013 04:19 AM PST Apply heat and stir; an expanding universe can emerge in a remarkably simple way, say scientists. When soup is heated, it starts to boil. When time and space are heated, an expanding universe can emerge, without requiring anything like a "Big Bang." This phase transition between a boring empty space and an expanding universe containing mass has now been mathematically described by researchers. The idea behind this result is a remarkable connection between quantum field theory and Einstein's theory of relativity.

Call for action on cutting sugar Posted: 09 Dec 2013 05:40 PM PST A study by researchers into the effects of sugars on our oral health recommends cutting down on the sweet additive as part of a global initiative to reduce tooth decay.Since 1990 the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended that intake of "free sugars" should be less than 10% of total energy (calorie) intake. Free sugars are sugars that are added to foods by the manufacturer, cook, or consumer; plus those naturally present in honey, syrups, fruit juices and fruit concentrates.

35 year study finds exercise reduces risk of dementia Posted: 09 Dec 2013 03:10 PM PST A study that monitored the health habits of 2,235 men over a 35-year period has confirmed exercise significantly reduces the risk of dementia. Published today, the study is the longest of its kind to probe the influence of environmental factors in chronic disease.

Study suggests overdiagnosis in screening for lung cancer with low-dose CT Posted: 09 Dec 2013 01:07 PM PST More than 18 percent of all lung cancers detected by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) appeared to represent an overdiagnosis, according to a study published.

Cardiovascular complications, hypoglycemia common in older patients with diabetes Posted: 09 Dec 2013 01:07 PM PST Cardiovascular complications and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) were common nonfatal complications in adults 60 years of age and older with diabetes, a recent study found.

Ultrasound microscopy: Aid for surgeons to make the invisible, visible Posted: 09 Dec 2013 01:03 PM PST Instead of waiting an hour or more, tissue can be tested almost immediately with a new ultrasound microscope, and because the reflected sound varies depending on the type of cancer, a doctor can interpret the type of disease from the image by comparing it to a reference material.

Marketing loans for fertility treatments raises ethical concerns Posted: 09 Dec 2013 10:25 AM PST An increase in the number of lenders specializing in loans for fertility treatments enables more people to afford the treatments, but it also raises ethical concerns. Among the concerns, doctors are marketing the loans to their patients, and some of these doctors have financial ties to specific lenders. The commentary calls for assessment and oversight of the practice.

Study shows exercise improves depression in Parkinson's patients Posted: 09 Dec 2013 10:24 AM PST A new study by a movement disorder neurologist found that depression improved among patients with Parkinson's disease who participated in a long-term group exercise program.

Penicillin equally effective as 'big gun' antibiotics for treating childhood pneumonia Posted: 09 Dec 2013 09:20 AM PST Children hospitalized for pneumonia have similar outcomes, including length of stay and costs, regardless of whether they are treated with "big gun" antibiotics such as ceftriaxone or cefotaxime or more narrowly focused antibiotics such as ampicillin or penicillin, according to a study.

From common colds to deadly lung diseases, one protein plays key role Posted: 09 Dec 2013 07:53 AM PST An international team of researchers has zeroed in on a protein that plays a key role in many lung-related ailments, from seasonal coughing and hacking to more serious diseases such as MRSA infections and cystic fibrosis. The finding advances knowledge about this range of illnesses and may point the way to eventually being able to prevent infections such as MRSA. The key protein is called MUC5B.

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