ScienceDaily: Top Health News

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• Where is the accurate memory? The eyes have it
• 'Label-free' imaging tool tracks nanotubes in cells, blood for biomedical research
• Defensive measures: Toward a vaccine for Ebola
• Neurotransmitter dopamine might improve the treatment of cancer, new study suggests
• Lessons learned from yeast about human leukemia: The power of basic model organisms in human health
• Researchers evaluate rice as a source of fetal arsenic exposure
• Childhood maltreatment associated with cerebral gray matter reductions in adolescents
• Physical fitness trumps body weight in reducing death risks, study finds
• Young women may reduce heart disease risk eating fish with omega 3 fatty acids, study finds
• Memory and attention problems may follow preemies into adulthood
• Preoperative aspirin therapy can benefit cardiac surgery patients, study finds
• Scientists discover how brain corrects bumps to body
• Autism may involve disordered white matter in the brain
• Child abuse changes the brain, study finds
• Blood protein EPO involved in origin and spread of cancer
• 'Encouraging' skin cancer discovery
• New biochemical changes found in children with ADHD
• Tiny genetic variation can predict ovarian cancer outcome
• How muscle fatigue originates in the head
• Researchers find MK1775 active against sarcomas

Where is the accurate memory? The eyes have it Posted: 05 Dec 2011 03:19 PM PST The witness points out the criminal in a police lineup. She swears she'd remember that face forever. Then DNA evidence shows she's got the wrong guy. It happens so frequently that many courts are looking with extreme skepticism at eyewitness testimony.

'Label-free' imaging tool tracks nanotubes in cells, blood for biomedical research Posted: 05 Dec 2011 02:02 PM PST Researchers have demonstrated a new imaging tool for tracking structures called carbon nanotubes in living cells and the bloodstream, which could aid efforts to perfect their use in biomedical research and clinical medicine.

Defensive measures: Toward a vaccine for Ebola Posted: 05 Dec 2011 02:00 PM PST Researchers have made progress toward a vaccine against the deadly Ebola virus. They have demonstrated that a plant-derived vaccine for Ebola provided strong immunological protection in a mouse model. If early efforts bear fruit, an Ebola vaccine could be stockpiled for use in the United States, should the country fall victim to a natural outbreak or a bioterrorism event in which a weaponized strain of the virus were unleashed on soldiers or the public.

Neurotransmitter dopamine might improve the treatment of cancer, new study suggests Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:59 PM PST A new study found that injections of the neurotransmitter dopamine can improve blood flow to tumors and delivery of an anticancer drug, doubling the amount of drug reaching tumors and increasing its effectiveness. Dopamine also raised tumor oxygen levels, which typically improves the effectiveness of both chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The study suggests a use for dopamine in treating cancer and perhaps other disorders in which normalizing abnormal blood vessels might improve therapeutic responses.

Lessons learned from yeast about human leukemia: The power of basic model organisms in human health Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:59 PM PST The trifecta of biological proof is to take a discovery made in a simple model organism like baker's yeast and track down its analogs or homologs in "higher" creatures right up the complexity scale to people, in this case, from yeast to fruit flies to humans. In a pair of related studies, scientists have hit such a trifecta, closing a circle of inquiry that they opened over a decade ago.

Researchers evaluate rice as a source of fetal arsenic exposure Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:59 PM PST A new study advances our understanding of the sources of human exposure to arsenic and focuses attention on the potential for consuming harmful levels of arsenic via rice. Arsenic occurs naturally in the environment and in elevated concentrations it can be harmful to human health. Rice is susceptible to arsenic contamination due to its ability to extract arsenic from the environment into the rice plant.

Childhood maltreatment associated with cerebral gray matter reductions in adolescents Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:51 PM PST Childhood maltreatment is associated with reductions in cerebral gray matter volume, and even if adolescents reporting exposure to maltreatment do not have symptoms that meet full criteria for psychiatric disorders, they may have cerebral gray matter changes that place them at risk for behavioral difficulties, according to a new study.

Physical fitness trumps body weight in reducing death risks, study finds Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:51 PM PST Maintaining or improving physical fitness is linked to lower death risks even after controlling for BMI change, according to a new study. Becoming less fit is associated with higher death risks, regardless of BMI changes. BMI change was not associated with death risks.

Young women may reduce heart disease risk eating fish with omega 3 fatty acids, study finds Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:51 PM PST Women who seldom or never eat fish may be increasing their risk of cardiovascular disease by 50 percent or more, according to the first population-based study among younger women. Those who ate fish most often, especially fish rich in omega 3 fatty acids, had 90 percent lower risk than those who ate little or no fish. The link with cardiovascular disease was evident, even among women in their 30s.

Memory and attention problems may follow preemies into adulthood Posted: 05 Dec 2011 01:51 PM PST Babies born at a very low birth weight are more likely to have memory and attention problems when they become adults than babies born at a low to normal weight, according to a new study.

Preoperative aspirin therapy can benefit cardiac surgery patients, study finds Posted: 05 Dec 2011 11:06 AM PST Aspirin taken within five days of cardiac surgery is associated with a significant decrease in the risk of major postoperative complications, including renal failure, a lengthy intensive care unit stay and even early death, according to a study by researchers at Thomas Jefferson University and UC Davis Medical Center set to appear in the journal Annals of Surgery.

Scientists discover how brain corrects bumps to body Posted: 05 Dec 2011 11:05 AM PST Researchers have identified the area of the brain that controls our ability to correct our movement after we've been hit or bumped -- a finding that may have implications for understanding why subjects with stroke often have severe difficulties moving.

Autism may involve disordered white matter in the brain Posted: 05 Dec 2011 11:05 AM PST It's still unclear what's different in the brains of people with autism spectrum disorders, but evidence from genetic and cell studies points to abnormalities in how brain cells, connect to each other. A new study now provides visual evidence associating autism with a disorganized structure of brain connections, as well as defects in myelin -- the fatty, insulating coating that helps nerve fibers conduct signals and that makes up the brain's white matter.

Child abuse changes the brain, study finds Posted: 05 Dec 2011 11:04 AM PST When children have been exposed to family violence, their brains become increasingly "tuned" for processing possible sources of threat, a new study reports. The findings reveal the same pattern of brain activity in these children as seen previously in soldiers exposed to combat.

Blood protein EPO involved in origin and spread of cancer Posted: 05 Dec 2011 07:23 AM PST Researchers have demonstrated that a growth hormone, PDGF-BB, and the blood protein EPO are involved in the development of cancer tumors and that they combine to help the tumors proliferate in the body. These new preclinical findings offer new potential for inhibiting tumor growth and bypassing problems of resistance that exist with many drugs in current use.

'Encouraging' skin cancer discovery Posted: 05 Dec 2011 07:23 AM PST Scientists have made an important discovery in the fight against malignant melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer.

New biochemical changes found in children with ADHD Posted: 05 Dec 2011 07:23 AM PST A new study shows that children with ADHD have nearly 50 percent less of a protein that is important for attention and learning. The finding may mean that there are other biochemical disturbances in the brains of individuals with ADHD than was previously believed.

Tiny genetic variation can predict ovarian cancer outcome Posted: 05 Dec 2011 05:22 AM PST Yale Cancer Center researchers have shown that a tiny genetic variation predicts chances of survival and response to treatment for patients with ovarian cancer.

How muscle fatigue originates in the head Posted: 05 Dec 2011 05:16 AM PST Researchers have now studied in detail what sportsmen and women know from experience: The head plays a key role in tiring endurance performances. They have discovered a mechanism in the brain that triggers a reduction in muscle performance during tiring activities and ensures that one's own physiological limits are not exceeded. For the first time, the study demonstrates empirically that muscle fatigue and changes in the interaction between neuronal structures are linked.

Researchers find MK1775 active against sarcomas Posted: 02 Dec 2011 12:57 PM PST MK1775, a small, selective inhibitor molecule, has been found to be active against many sarcomas. This finding suggests that a badly needed new agent against sarcomas -- especially sarcomas affecting children -- may be at hand.

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