ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• Internal bleeding higher with popular heart device than earlier model, studies find
• Nighttime lights clarify economic activity: Combining lights and statistics may yield high-resolution global economic data
• Nanotechnology circuits for wireless devices: First wafer-scale graphene integrated circuit smaller than a pinhead
• Researchers link cell division and oxygen levels; Findings also solve long-standing paradox
• What happens in the brain as it loses consciousness: 3-D movie constructed
• Significant litter of cheetah cubs born at Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
• 'One-stop' clinic ups mental health, social work visits for veterans
• Social scientists study impact of human adult stem cell research
• Can small loans reduce poverty? Economist says microfinance yields surprising results
• Eight substances added to U.S. Report on Carcinogens, including formaldehyde, may increase cancer risk
• Quitlines help smokers quit regardless of recruitment method
• Raising the International Space Station: ATV Johannes Kepler conducts the 'Big Boost'
• Non-invasive ventilation as a weaning or rescue technique may cut risks in some patients
• Entry, descent and surface science for 2016 Mars mission
• Chasing EHEC via computer: Scientists in Germany provide free access to enteric pathogen's genetic regulation data
• European Union's 'DemoCLOCK' project to cut cost of capturing CO₂
• Following the traces of lung cancer
• Paving the way for a new livestock feed product
• European experts propose method to harmonize nuclear emergency plans

Internal bleeding higher with popular heart device than earlier model, studies find Posted: 11 Jun 2011 12:14 PM PDT The incidence of internal bleeding was higher in the HeartMate II left ventricular assist device than the earlier HeartMate I XVE, according to two recent studies. Although there were more instances of intracranial and gastrointestinal bleeding in the newer model, there was no increase in mortality.

Nighttime lights clarify economic activity: Combining lights and statistics may yield high-resolution global economic data Posted: 11 Jun 2011 09:17 AM PDT The glow of lights in a city at night means different things to different people. For some, the amazing hues along Broadway, the Las Vegas Strip or the Sunset Strip in Hollywood mean a fun night out. For an economist, these dazzling lights signify people's pockets are flush with cash; and in fact, a new study confirms it.

Nanotechnology circuits for wireless devices: First wafer-scale graphene integrated circuit smaller than a pinhead Posted: 11 Jun 2011 05:20 AM PDT Scientists have achieved a milestone in creating a building block for the future of wireless devices. In a new paper, IBM researchers announced the first integrated circuit fabricated from wafer-size graphene, and demonstrated a broadband frequency mixer operating at frequencies up to 10 gigahertz (10 billion cycles/second).

Researchers link cell division and oxygen levels; Findings also solve long-standing paradox Posted: 10 Jun 2011 04:45 PM PDT Cells grow abundant when oxygen is available, and generally stop when it is scarce. Although this seems straightforward, no direct link ever has been established between the cellular machinery that senses oxygen and that which controls cell division. Now, researchers report that the MCM proteins, which promote cell division, also directly control the oxygen-sensing HIF-1 protein.

What happens in the brain as it loses consciousness: 3-D movie constructed Posted: 10 Jun 2011 04:45 PM PDT For the first time, researchers have been able to watch what happens to the brain as it loses consciousness. Using sophisticated imaging equipment, they have constructed a 3-D movie of the brain as it changes while an anesthetic drug takes effect.

Significant litter of cheetah cubs born at Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute Posted: 10 Jun 2011 01:46 PM PDT Five cheetah cubs were born May 28 at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute in Front Royal, Va. This litter is particularly significant to the Association of Zoos and Aquariums' Species Survival Plan for cheetahs because cheetah births in zoos across the country have dwindled. The SSP matches animals across the country to ensure genetic diversity in the population. This is the only litter of cheetahs born this year in a North American zoo.

'One-stop' clinic ups mental health, social work visits for veterans Posted: 10 Jun 2011 01:46 PM PDT Iraq and Afghanistan veterans who visited a U.S. Veterans Administration (VA) integrated care clinic were much more likely to undergo initial mental health and social work evaluations than veterans who visited a standard VA primary care clinic, according to a new study.

Social scientists study impact of human adult stem cell research Posted: 10 Jun 2011 01:46 PM PDT New research says studying both adult and embryonic stem cells can benefit medical science, but banning the study of either type could harm studies of the other. Researchers recently investigated whether the increased number of studies with a certain type of adult stem cell has changed the overall course of research in the field

Can small loans reduce poverty? Economist says microfinance yields surprising results Posted: 10 Jun 2011 01:46 PM PDT Small loans, somewhere in the neighborhood of $100 to $500 dollars, are an increasingly popular weapon in the fight to reduce poverty. Called microcredit, institutions dole out these monetary advances to help extremely poor people engage in successful entrepreneurship and improve their quality of life.

Eight substances added to U.S. Report on Carcinogens, including formaldehyde, may increase cancer risk Posted: 10 Jun 2011 01:46 PM PDT The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services had added eight substances to its Report on Carcinogens, a science-based document that identifies chemicals and biological agents that may put people at increased risk for cancer. The industrial chemical formaldehyde and a botanical known as aristolochic acids are listed as known human carcinogens. Six other substances -- captafol, cobalt-tungsten carbide (in powder or hard metal form), certain inhalable glass wool fibers, o-nitrotoluene, riddelliine, and styrene -- are added as substances that are reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens.

Quitlines help smokers quit regardless of recruitment method Posted: 10 Jun 2011 01:46 PM PDT Proactive telephone counseling helps smokers quit regardless of how they are recruited to a telephone quitline, according to a new study.

Raising the International Space Station: ATV Johannes Kepler conducts the 'Big Boost' Posted: 10 Jun 2011 10:21 AM PDT It's the International Space Station's biggest increase in altitude to date, and, thanks to European Space Agency's ATV Johannes Kepler, it will significantly improve the 417-tonne Station's orbital mileage through the next decade of scientific research. During three intensive reboost manoeuvres, ATV Johannes Kepler is raising the ISS altitude from around 345 km to 380 km, where it will use far less fuel to maintain its orbit and cutting the amount of fuel that must be sent up in the coming years by almost half.

Non-invasive ventilation as a weaning or rescue technique may cut risks in some patients Posted: 10 Jun 2011 10:19 AM PDT Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) used as a weaning technique for mechanically ventilated patients can shorten intubation time and may reduce the risk of post-extubation acute respiratory failure (ARF), according to French researchers. They also found that NIV used as a post-intubation rescue therapy could significantly reduce the risk of reintubation and death.

Entry, descent and surface science for 2016 Mars mission Posted: 10 Jun 2011 10:18 AM PDT The European Space Agency and NASA have announced the scientific investigations selected for their 2016 ExoMars lander demonstrator. They will probe the atmosphere during the descent, and return the first ever data on electrical fields at the surface of Mars.

Chasing EHEC via computer: Scientists in Germany provide free access to enteric pathogen's genetic regulation data Posted: 10 Jun 2011 07:26 AM PDT Just a few genes make enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) extremely dangerous to humans. If it were not for these genes, EHEC would hardly differ from harmless enteric bacteria. Bioinformatics scientists from Germany want to exploit this similarity to find starting points for effective drugs against the EHEC pathogen. In a very short time, the scientists have constructed EhecRegNet, a database and analysis platform that incorporates all known interactions between enteric E. coli genes. Using integrated simulations, genetic switches for the dangerous EHEC genes can be identified much faster and used medically. The virtual laboratory will thus help biomedical scientists and pharmacists all over the world to develop new drugs.

European Union's 'DemoCLOCK' project to cut cost of capturing CO<sub>2</sub> Posted: 10 Jun 2011 07:25 AM PDT A project funded by the European Union and led by SINTEF in Norway with ten other European partners aims to demonstrate a cost-effective carbon dioxide capture technology that could herald a new generation of power-generation plants with integrated CO2 capture.

Following the traces of lung cancer Posted: 10 Jun 2011 07:25 AM PDT Researchers have shown that it is viable to detect the ganglion through which a tumor attempts to spread, using a radiotracer. They used a radioactive substance which, injected into a lung tumor, enables the detection of the path that the carcinoma intends to take in order to propagate itself.

Paving the way for a new livestock feed product Posted: 10 Jun 2011 06:45 AM PDT A new product has come to market that could allow the cattle feeding industry to realize efficiencies in mills and put more weight on cattle, according to experts.

European experts propose method to harmonize nuclear emergency plans Posted: 10 Jun 2011 05:17 AM PDT A team of European radiological protection specialists has developed a method to calculate benchmark values to help establish whether the local population should be required to take shelter or be evacuated or relocated following a nuclear accident. The study shows that these levels are more restrictive in wet environments than in dry ones.

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