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Wednesday, March 20, 2013

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News


For polar bears, it's survival of the fattest

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 05:20 PM PDT

One of the most southerly populations of polar bears in the world – and the best studied – is struggling to cope with climate-induced changes to sea ice, new research reveals. Based on over 10 years' data the study sheds new light on how sea ice conditions drive polar bears' annual migration on and off the ice.

Mechanical forces play major role in regulating cells

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 05:19 PM PDT

Researchers have for the first time shown that mechanical forces can control the depolymerization of actin, a protein critical to cells. The research suggests that forces applied externally and internally may play a larger role than previously believed in regulating a range of processes inside cells.

Scientists discover reasons behind snakes' 'shrinking heads'

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 01:04 PM PDT

Scientists have uncovered how some sea snakes have developed 'shrunken heads' -- or smaller physical features than their related species.

Tomatoes that mimic actions of good cholesterol created

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 11:41 AM PDT

Researchers have genetically engineered tomatoes to produce a peptide that mimics the actions of good cholesterol when consumed. In this early study, mice that were fed these tomatoes in freeze-dried, ground form had less inflammation and plaque build-up in their arteries.

Researchers devise hidden dune filters to treat coastal stormwater runoff

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 09:42 AM PDT

When it rains, untreated stormwater can sweep pollutants into coastal waters, potentially endangering public health. Now researchers have developed low-cost filtration systems that are concealed beneath sand dunes and filter out most of the bacteria that can lead to beach closures.

Neanderthal brains focused on vision and movement leaving less room for social networking

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 06:36 AM PDT

Neanderthal brains were adapted to allow them to see better and maintain larger bodies, according to new research. Although Neanderthals' brains were similar in size to their contemporary modern human counterparts, fresh analysis of fossil data suggests that their brain structure was rather different. Results imply that larger areas of the Neanderthal brain, compared to the modern human brain, were given over to vision and movement and this left less room for the higher level thinking required to form large social groups.

How proteins read meta DNA code

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 06:12 AM PDT

Scientists have accurately calculated the sliding mechanism for deciphering the second genetic code written within the DNA base pair sequence.

Adoption and risk management in fish: how cichlids prevent their young from being eaten

Posted: 19 Mar 2013 06:11 AM PDT

For a variety of reasons, many humans choose to adopt children.  More surprisingly, adoption is fairly widespread in the animal kingdom, even though it would seem to counteract the basic premise of Darwin's theory of evolution, which suggests that animals should raise as many of their own offspring as possible.  Understanding the rationale for adoption has challenged theorists for generations. Scientists now describe a new approach to the problem.

Where, oh where, has the road kill gone?

Posted: 18 Mar 2013 10:26 AM PDT

Millions of birds die in the US each year as they collide with moving vehicles, but things have been looking up, at least in the case of cliff swallows. Today's swallows are hit less often, thanks to shorter wingspans that may help them take off more quickly and pivot away from passing cars.

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