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Saturday, January 5, 2013

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News


Researchers seek longer battery life for electric locomotive

Posted: 04 Jan 2013 11:36 AM PST

Norfolk Southern Railway No. 999 is the first all-electric, battery-powered locomotive in the United States. But when one of the thousand lead-acid batteries that power it dies, the locomotive shuts down. To combat this problem, researchers are developing more cost-effective ways to prolong battery life.

When will genomic research translate into clinical care -- and at what cost? New study applies quantitative modeling to genomics

Posted: 04 Jan 2013 11:36 AM PST

Researchers find that the same tools that can successfully predict hurricanes and election outcomes can be applied to pharmacogenomics and clinical outcomes.

Basic math skills linked to PSAT math success

Posted: 04 Jan 2013 11:36 AM PST

New research provides brain imaging evidence that students well-versed in very basic single digit arithmetic (5+2=7 or 7-3=4) are better equipped to score higher on the Preliminary Scholastic Aptitude Test, an examination sat by millions of students in the United States each year in preparation for college admission tests.

A temperature below absolute zero: Atoms at negative absolute temperature are the hottest systems in the world

Posted: 04 Jan 2013 11:35 AM PST

On the absolute temperature scale, which is used by physicists and is also called the Kelvin scale, it is not possible to go below zero – at least not in the sense of getting colder than zero kelvin. According to the physical meaning of temperature, the temperature of a gas is determined by the chaotic movement of its particles – the colder the gas, the slower the particles. At zero kelvin (minus 273 degrees Celsius) the particles stop moving and all disorder disappears. Thus, nothing can be colder than absolute zero on the Kelvin scale. Physicists have now created an atomic gas in the laboratory that nonetheless has negative Kelvin values. These negative absolute temperatures have several apparently absurd consequences: although the atoms in the gas attract each other and give rise to a negative pressure, the gas does not collapse – a behavior that is also postulated for dark energy in cosmology.

Possibility of surfaces that can be manipulated

Posted: 04 Jan 2013 05:30 AM PST

A chemist has studied a number of polymer blends that can be used to produce manipulatable surfaces.

Jumping droplets help heat transfer

Posted: 03 Jan 2013 11:32 AM PST

Scalable nanopatterned surfaces could make for more efficient power generation and desalination.

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