ScienceDaily: Top Science News

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• Neanderthal viruses found in modern humans
• Holistic cell design leads to high-performance, long cycle-life Li/S battery
• Monkeys can point to objects they do not report seeing
• People with highly superior powers of recall also vulnerable to false memories
• Asteroids' close encounters with Mars: Mars, not Earth, shakes up some near-Earth asteroids
• Recreating the history of life through the genome
• New study helps predict life expectancy using complete blood count risk score
• Genome scale view of great white shark uncovers unexpected and distinctive features
• Biologists find an evolutionary Facebook for monkeys and apes
• Global carbon emissions set to reach record 36 billion tons in 2013
• More than skin deep: New layer to the body's fight against infection
• Scientists fingerprint single cancer cells to map cancer's family tree

Neanderthal viruses found in modern humans Posted: 19 Nov 2013 08:04 PM PST Ancient viruses from Neanderthals have been found in modern human DNA. Researchers compared genetic data from fossils of Neanderthals and another group of ancient human ancestors called Denisovans to data from modern-day cancer patients. They found evidence of Neanderthal and Denisovan viruses in the modern human DNA, suggesting that the viruses originated in our common ancestors more than half a million years ago.

Holistic cell design leads to high-performance, long cycle-life Li/S battery Posted: 19 Nov 2013 04:39 PM PST Researchers have demonstrated in the laboratory a lithium-sulfur (Li/S) battery that has more than twice the specific energy of lithium-ion batteries, and that lasts for more than 1,500 cycles of charge-discharge with minimal decay of the battery's capacity. This is the longest cycle life reported so far for any lithium-sulfur battery.

Monkeys can point to objects they do not report seeing Posted: 19 Nov 2013 10:14 AM PST Are monkeys, like humans, able to ascertain where objects are located without much more than a sideways glance? Quite likely, says the lead author of a new study. The study finds that monkeys are able to localize stimuli they do not perceive.

People with highly superior powers of recall also vulnerable to false memories Posted: 19 Nov 2013 10:14 AM PST People who can accurately remember details of their daily lives going back decades are as susceptible as everyone else to forming fake memories, psychologists and neurobiologists have found.

Asteroids' close encounters with Mars: Mars, not Earth, shakes up some near-Earth asteroids Posted: 19 Nov 2013 08:28 AM PST For nearly as long as astronomers have been able to observe asteroids, a question has gone unanswered: Why do the surfaces of most asteroids appear redder than meteorites -- the remnants of asteroids that have crashed to Earth?

Recreating the history of life through the genome Posted: 19 Nov 2013 07:10 AM PST One of the most important processes in the life of cells is genome replication. In most organisms genome replication follows a set plan, in which certain regions of the genome replicate before others; alterations in the late replication phases had previously been related to cancer and aging. Now, scientists have, for the first time related this process to evolution of life.

New study helps predict life expectancy using complete blood count risk score Posted: 19 Nov 2013 07:09 AM PST For years, doctors have been divided on how effective annual testing and screenings are for apparently healthy individuals. New research, however, shows that a simple blood test may predict who is at highest risk to develop heart problems – and how long these people may have to live.

Genome scale view of great white shark uncovers unexpected and distinctive features Posted: 19 Nov 2013 05:29 AM PST A new study undertakes the first large-scale exploration of the great white shark's genetic repertoire, and comes up with unexpected findings.

Biologists find an evolutionary Facebook for monkeys and apes Posted: 18 Nov 2013 04:32 PM PST Why do the faces of primates contain so many different colors, including black, blue, red, orange and white, mixed in all kinds of combinations, and often striking patterns? Biologists report on the faces of 139 African and Asian primate species that have been diversifying over some 25 million years.

Global carbon emissions set to reach record 36 billion tons in 2013 Posted: 18 Nov 2013 04:31 PM PST Global emissions of carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels are set to rise again in 2013, reaching a record high of 36 billion tons - according to new figures from the Global Carbon Project. The biggest contributors to fossil fuel emissions in 2012 were China (27 per cent), the United States (14 per cent), the European Union (10 per cent), and India (6 per cent). The projected rise for 2013 comes after a similar rise of 2.2 per cent in 2012.

More than skin deep: New layer to the body's fight against infection Posted: 18 Nov 2013 07:26 AM PST The layers of skin that form the first line of defense in the body's fight against infection have revealed a unanticipated secret. The single cell type that was thought to be behind the skin's immune defense has been found to have a doppelganger, with researchers showing the cells, despite appearing identical, are actually two different types.

Scientists fingerprint single cancer cells to map cancer's family tree Posted: 18 Nov 2013 06:17 AM PST Scientists have used a DNA sequencing technique to identify mutations present across thousands of cancer cells in three patients with leukemia. The technique can identify the founding mutations from which a tumor evolved, and uses computer software to map the cancer's family tree. The findings could be used to identify the key mutations that occur early in a tumor's development, allowing doctors to use targeted treatments more effectively.

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