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Thursday, March 15, 2012

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News

ScienceDaily: Top Environment News


Corn insecticide linked to great die-off of beneficial honeybees

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 02:05 PM PDT

New research has linked springtime die-offs of honeybees critical for pollinating food crops -- part of the mysterious malady called colony collapse disorder -- with technology for planting corn coated with insecticides. The study appears on the eve of spring planting seasons in some parts of Europe where farmers use the technology and widespread deaths of honeybees have occurred in the past.

Killer silk: Making silk fibers that kill anthrax and other microbes in minutes

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 11:31 AM PDT

A simple, inexpensive dip-and-dry treatment can convert ordinary silk into a fabric that kills disease-causing bacteria -- even the armor-coated spores of microbes like anthrax -- in minutes. Researchers describe a range of potential uses for this new killer silk, including make-shift curtains and other protective coatings that protect homes and other buildings in the event of a terrorist attack with anthrax.

Evolutionary surprise: Developmental 'scaffold' for vertebrate brain found in brainless marine worm

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 11:28 AM PDT

Scientists report finding some of the genetic processes that regulate vertebrate brain development in the acorn worm, a brainless, burrowing marine invertebrate.

New study lowers estimate of ancient sea-level rise

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 11:28 AM PDT

The seas are creeping higher as the planet warms. But how high will they go? In Bermuda and the Bahamas, researchers have gone looking for answers; By pinpointing where shorelines stood during a warm period 400,000 years ago, they hope to narrow the range of projections. After correcting for apparent sinking of the islands, the authors of a new study estimate the seas rose 20 to 43 feet higher than today -- far less than previous estimates, but still drastic.

Some mammals used highly complex teeth to compete with dinosaurs

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 11:20 AM PDT

New research shows that at least one group of small mammals, the multituberculates, actually flourished in the last 20 million years of dinosaurs' reign and survived their extinction.

How salmonella avoids the body's immune response

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 09:59 AM PDT

Researchers have discovered how salmonella, a bacterium found in contaminated raw foods that causes major gastrointestinal distress in humans, thrives in the digestive tract despite the immune system's best efforts to destroy it.

Tiny teeth of long-extinct vertebrate – with tips only two micrometers across -- are sharpest dental structures ever

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 09:59 AM PDT

The tiny teeth of a long-extinct vertebrate -- with tips only two micrometers across: one twentieth the width of a human hair -- are the sharpest dental structures ever measured, new research has found.

Health and ecosystem issues found with popular pavement sealcoat

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 09:42 AM PDT

A parking lot at the edge of the University of New Hampshire campus has contributed important research to an emerging concern for the environment and human health. The research has found that one type of pavement sealcoat, common on driveways and parking lots throughout the nation, has significant health and ecosystem implications.

Hiding in plain sight, a new frog species with a 'weird' croak is identified in New York City

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 09:40 AM PDT

In New York City -- in the midst of some of the world's tallest skyscrapers -- and within view of the Statue of Liberty, scientists have found a new frog species. While the discovery of new species are regularly made in remote rainforests, finding this one in the ponds and marshes of Staten Island, mainland New York, and New Jersey was a big surprise to scientists.

Mystery human fossils put spotlight on China

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 09:40 AM PDT

Fossils from two caves in southwest China have revealed a previously unknown Stone Age people and give a rare glimpse of a recent stage of human evolution with startling implications for the early peopling of Asia.

Millions of Americans at risk of flooding as sea levels rise

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 08:17 AM PDT

Nearly four million Americans, occupying a combined area larger than the state of Maryland, find themselves at risk of severe flooding as sea levels rise in the coming century, new research suggests. Researchers say that with so many communities concentrated on US coasts, the odds for major storm damage get bigger every year.

Fragrant new biofuel: Researchers develop a new candidate for a cleaner, greener and renewable diesel fuel

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 07:12 AM PDT

Researchers have identified methyl ketones, chemical compounds known for their fragrance and flavor, as strong biofuel candidates. Methyl ketones produced from glucose by engineered E. coli yielded high cetane numbers -- a diesel fuel rating comparable to the octane number for gasoline.

How muscle cells seal their membranes

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 07:05 AM PDT

Every cell is enclosed by a thin double layer of lipids that separates the distinct internal environment of the cell from the extracellular space. Damage to this lipid bilayer, also referred to as plasma membrane, disturbs the cellular functions and may lead to the death of the cell. For example, downhill walking tears many little holes into the plasma membranes of the muscle cells in our legs. To prevent irreparable damage, muscle cells have efficient systems to seal these holes again. Researchers have succeeded for the first time in observing membrane repair in real-time in a living organism.

Capturing chromosomes during cell division

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 07:04 AM PDT

Scientists have been successful in elucidating a new mechanism for the error-free segregation of the human genome during cell division. They have been able to show that the enzyme Aurora B and the protein complex Ska play a central role in flawless chromosome segregation.

Dye-sensitized solar cells that use carbon nanotube thin films as transparent electrodes offer significant cost savings

Posted: 14 Mar 2012 06:55 AM PDT

Dye-sensitized solar cells that use carbon nanotube thin films as transparent electrodes offer significant cost savings

Common North American frog identified as carrier of deadly amphibian disease

Posted: 12 Mar 2012 04:28 PM PDT

Known for its distinctive "ribbit" call, the noisy Pacific chorus frog is a potent carrier of a deadly amphibian disease, according to new research. Just how this common North American frog survives chytridiomycosis may hold clues to protect more vulnerable species from the disease.

Butterfly molecule may aid quest for nuclear clean-up technology

Posted: 12 Mar 2012 08:40 AM PDT

Scientists have produced a previously unseen uranium molecule, in a development that could help improve clean-up processes for nuclear waste.

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